Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Aug 15;92(4):314-322. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.954. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Shape analyses of patients with schizophrenia have revealed bilateral deformations of the anterolateral hippocampus, primarily localized to the CA1 subfield. Incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI), an anatomical variant of the human hippocampus resulting from an arrest during neurodevelopment, is more prevalent and severe in patients with schizophrenia. We hypothesized that IHI would affect the shape of the hippocampus and contribute to hippocampal shape differences in schizophrenia.
We studied 199 patients with schizophrenia and 161 healthy control participants with structural magnetic resonance imaging to measure the prevalence and severity of IHI. High-fidelity hippocampal surface reconstructions were generated with the SPHARM-PDM toolkit. We used general linear models in SurfStat to test for group shape differences, the impact of IHI on hippocampal shape variation, and whether IHI contributes to hippocampal shape abnormalities in schizophrenia.
Not including IHI as a main effect in our between-group comparison replicated well-established hippocampal shape differences in patients with schizophrenia localized to the CA1 subfield in the anterolateral hippocampus. Shape differences were also observed near the uncus and hippocampal tail. IHI was associated with outward displacements of the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the hippocampus and inward displacements of the medial and lateral surfaces. Including IHI as a main effect in our between-group comparison eliminated the bilateral shape differences in the CA1 subfield. Shape differences in the uncus persisted after including IHI.
IHI impacts hippocampal shape. Our results suggest IHI as a neurodevelopmental mechanism for the well-known shape differences, particularly in the CA1 subfield, in schizophrenia.
对精神分裂症患者的形态分析显示，前外侧海马双侧变形，主要局限于 CA1 亚区。不完全海马反转（IHI）是人类海马体在神经发育过程中受阻导致的一种解剖变异，在精神分裂症患者中更为普遍和严重。我们假设 IHI 会影响海马体的形状，并导致精神分裂症中海马体形状的差异。
我们研究了 199 名精神分裂症患者和 161 名健康对照参与者的结构磁共振成像，以测量 IHI 的患病率和严重程度。使用 SPHARM-PDM 工具包生成高保真的海马体表面重建。我们使用 SurfStat 中的广义线性模型来测试组间形状差异、IHI 对海马体形状变化的影响，以及 IHI 是否导致精神分裂症中海马体形状异常。
在我们的组间比较中不包括 IHI 作为主要效应，复制了精神分裂症患者在前外侧海马体 CA1 亚区的海马体形状差异，这些差异已经得到很好的证实。在钩回和海马尾部附近也观察到了形状差异。IHI 与海马体的背侧和腹侧表面向外移位以及内侧和外侧表面向内移位有关。在我们的组间比较中包括 IHI 作为主要效应，消除了 CA1 亚区的双侧形状差异。包括 IHI 后，钩回的形状差异仍然存在。
IHI 影响海马体的形状。我们的结果表明，IHI 是精神分裂症中海马体形状差异的神经发育机制，特别是在 CA1 亚区。
