Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 190 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte - MG 30130100, Brazil.
Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Calavi Cotonou, Benin.
Int Health. 2023 May 2;15(3):265-273. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihac018.
There is little information regarding fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and physical activity (PA) among schoolchildren in Benin. In this study we evaluated the differences in breakfast eating, FV consumption and PA according to socio-economic (SE) determinants in primary schoolchildren.
A cross-sectional study using a probabilistic sample of 612 students (8-17 y of age) from 26 primary schools was done between December 2018 and January 2019. The association was estimated by logistic regression analyses.
Of all students, 53% were physically inactive, 60% took breakfast <5 d/week, 84% irregularly ate fruits and 68% irregularly ate vegetables. Younger students (8-10 y) take breakfast regularly and older ones (>15 y) were physically more active. The probability of regular breakfast and fruit consumption were significantly higher in children of educated parents (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively) compared with children of non-educated parents. Medium SE status was associated with regular breakfast intake, whereas high SE status was associated with higher fruit intake and lower physical activity compared with low SE status (p<0.001). There was no association between breakfast eating, FV intake, PA and the body mass index.
Findings emphasize the need for interventions to promote healthy eating behaviours in primary schoolchildren and their family environments.
贝宁鲜有关于儿童水果和蔬菜（FV）摄入与身体活动（PA）的信息。本研究旨在评估社会经济（SE）决定因素对小学生早餐摄入、FV 消费和 PA 的差异。
2018 年 12 月至 2019 年 1 月期间，采用概率抽样方法，对 26 所小学的 612 名（8-17 岁）学生进行了横断面研究。采用逻辑回归分析评估相关性。
所有学生中，53%身体活动不足，60%每周<5 天吃早餐，84%水果摄入不规律，68%蔬菜摄入不规律。较年轻的学生（8-10 岁）经常吃早餐，年龄较大的学生（>15 岁）身体活动更为活跃。与非受教育父母的子女相比，受教育父母的子女更有可能规律地吃早餐（p<0.01）和经常吃水果（p<0.001）。中等 SE 状况与规律的早餐摄入有关，而与低 SE 状况相比，高 SE 状况与更高的水果摄入和更低的身体活动相关（p<0.001）。早餐摄入、FV 摄入、PA 与身体质量指数之间无相关性。
研究结果强调了在小学儿童及其家庭环境中促进健康饮食行为的干预措施的必要性。
