Zhou H J, Cui Z G, Kan B
State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Apr 6;56(4):401-404. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220225-00181.
Despite the fact that our cognition towards infectious disease prevention, the advanced technology and the economic status of the whole society has made a great progress in the last decade, the outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia has again enabled the public to acquire more about super-challenges of infectious diseases, epidemics and the relevant preventive measurements. In order to identify the epidemic signals in early stage or even before the onset of epidemic, the data research and utilization of a series of factors related to the occurrence and transmission of infectious diseases have played a significant role in research of prevention and control during the whole period of surveillance and early warning. Laboratory-based monitoring for the etiology has always been an important part of infectious disease warning system due to pathogens as the direct cause of such diseases. China has initially established a laboratory-based monitoring and early warning system for bacterial infectious diseases based on the Chinese Pathogen Identification Network with an aim to identify pathogens, outbreaks and sources. This network has played an essential role in early detection, tracking and precise prevention and control of bacterial infectious diseases, such as plague, cholera, and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. This issue focuses on the function of laboratory-based monitoring during the period of early warning, prevention, and control of bacterial infectious diseases, and conducted a wide range of researches based on the analysis of the epidemic and outbreak isolates, together with field epidemiological studies and normal monitoring systems. All of these could illustrate the effect of laboratory surveillance in the infectious disease risk assessment and epidemic investigation. At the same time, we have put forward our review and expectation of scenarios about laboratory-based monitoring and early warning technologies to provide innovative thoughts for promoting a leapfrog development of infectious disease monitoring and early warning system in China.
尽管在过去十年里，我们对传染病预防、先进技术以及整个社会的经济状况的认知有了很大进步，但新冠肺炎疫情的爆发再次让公众更多地了解到传染病、流行病的超级挑战以及相关预防措施。为了在早期甚至疫情爆发前识别疫情信号，一系列与传染病发生和传播相关因素的数据研究与利用在整个监测和预警期间的防控研究中发挥了重要作用。基于实验室的病因监测一直是传染病预警系统的重要组成部分，因为病原体是此类疾病的直接病因。中国已初步建立了基于中国病原体识别网络的细菌性传染病实验室监测与预警系统，旨在识别病原体、疫情和源头。该网络在鼠疫、霍乱和流行性脑脊髓膜炎等细菌性传染病的早期发现、追踪以及精准防控方面发挥了至关重要的作用。本期聚焦于基于实验室的监测在细菌性传染病预警、预防和控制期间的作用，并基于疫情和爆发菌株分析、现场流行病学研究以及常规监测系统开展了广泛研究。所有这些都能说明实验室监测在传染病风险评估和疫情调查中的作用。同时，我们对基于实验室的监测和预警技术的场景提出了回顾与展望，为推动我国传染病监测和预警系统的跨越式发展提供创新思路。
