Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Life Science and Bioprocesses, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 68, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2023 Jun;195(6):3888-3899. doi: 10.1007/s12010-022-03916-6. Epub 2022 Apr 30.
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as a bio-based osteochondral inductive material was chemically immobilized on the surface of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers to fabricate scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering applications. The chemical immobilization process included the aminolysis of ester bonds and bonding of the primary amines with glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent. The SEM and FTIR results confirmed the successfulness of the CMC immobilization. The fabricated scaffolds presented cell viabilities of > 82% and supported the attachment and proliferation of the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). The CMC-immobilized scaffolds concentration dependently induced the diverse osteochondral differentiation pathways for the hBM-MSCs without using any external differential agents. According to the Alcian Blue and Alizarin Red staining and immunocytochemistry results, scaffolds with a higher content of CMC presented more chondro-inductivity and less osteoinductivity. Thus, the CMC-immobilized scaffolds can be employed as great potential candidates for osteochondral tissue engineering applications.
羧甲基壳聚糖（CMC）作为一种基于生物的骨软骨诱导材料，通过化学固定在聚己内酯（PCL）纳米纤维表面，用于制造骨软骨组织工程应用的支架。化学固定过程包括酯键的氨解和伯胺与戊二醛作为偶联剂的键合。SEM 和 FTIR 结果证实了 CMC 固定的成功。所制备的支架的细胞活力>82%，并支持人骨髓间充质干细胞（hBM-MSCs）的附着和增殖。CMC 固定的支架浓度依赖性地诱导 hBM-MSCs 的不同骨软骨分化途径，而无需使用任何外部分化剂。根据茜素红和阿尔新蓝染色和免疫细胞化学结果，CMC 含量较高的支架表现出更强的软骨诱导性和较弱的成骨诱导性。因此，CMC 固定的支架可作为骨软骨组织工程应用的潜在候选材料。
