Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2022 Apr 29;39(4):415-424.
The burden of HIV infection in households of people living with HIV (PLHIV) is usually high. The existence of HIV discordance and reasons for that is largely unknown. Moreover, how people in a discordant relationship can live happily together with negative partner not getting infected and/or safely have children are not well understood. This study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with HIV sero-discordance among in-union HIV patients receiving care in a private health facility in Jos, north central Nigeria.
A descriptive cross sectional design was used for the study involving HIV clients. Their records were reviewed and a proforma used to extract needed information. Questionnaire was equally used. A total of 1505 patients were studied out of which 75 were sero-discordant. They were recruited consecutively. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and presented using frequencies, percentages, and tables.
Findings revealed that 75 (5.0%) were discordant giving a prevalence of 5%. Majority of the clients were females: [non-discordant 805(56.3%), discordant 45(60.0%)], attained secondary education [non-discordant 590(41.3%), discordant 60(80.0%)], have been in partnership for 1-10 years [non-discordant 525(36.7%). discordant 45(60.0%)], have sex with partner weekly [non-discordant 1385(96.9%), discordant 60(80.0%)], have no other sexual partner [non-discordant 1070(74.8%), discordant 75(100.0%)]. have viral load of <100 [non-discordant 1315(92.0%), discordant 75(100.0%)], have CD4 count of 200-499 [non-discordant 585(40.9%), discordant 30(40.0%)]. Most of participants knew that ART, consistent use of condom, abstinence and post exposure prophylaxis prevent HIV. There were statistical significant associations of characteristics of clients and their knowledge on HIV prevention with HIV status of partner.
Prevalence of discordance is high. There was no identified predictor of HIV status of partner. For HIV prevalence and sero-discordant status to reduce, women should have a say or be at an equal platform as men in terms of control over their sexuality.
艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）家庭中的艾滋病毒感染负担通常很高。艾滋病毒不一致的存在及其原因在很大程度上尚不清楚。此外，对于处于不一致关系中的人来说，如何能够幸福地生活在一起，使阴性伴侣不被感染和/或安全生育孩子，人们对此了解甚少。本研究旨在确定在尼日利亚乔斯的一家私立医疗机构接受护理的婚内艾滋病毒患者中，艾滋病毒血清不一致的流行率和相关因素。
本研究采用描述性横断面设计，涉及艾滋病毒患者。回顾他们的记录并使用表格提取所需信息。同样使用了问卷。共研究了 1505 名患者，其中 75 名血清不一致，连续招募。使用 SPSS 版本 20 进行数据分析，并以频率、百分比和表格形式呈现。
研究结果显示，75 人（5.0%）不一致，患病率为 5%。大多数患者为女性：[不一致 805（56.3%），不一致 45（60.0%）]，接受过中学教育：[不一致 590（41.3%），不一致 45（80.0%）]，已处于伴侣关系 1-10 年：[不一致 525（36.7%），不一致 45（60.0%）]，每周与伴侣发生性行为：[不一致 1385（96.9%），不一致 60（80.0%）]，没有其他性伴侣：[不一致 1070（74.8%），不一致 75（100.0%）]。病毒载量<100：[不一致 1315（92.0%），不一致 75（100.0%）]，CD4 计数为 200-499：[不一致 585（40.9%），不一致 30（40.0%）]。大多数参与者知道 ART、坚持使用避孕套、禁欲和接触后预防可以预防艾滋病毒。参与者的特征及其对艾滋病毒预防的知识与伴侣的艾滋病毒状况之间存在统计学显著关联。
不一致的流行率很高。没有确定的伴侣艾滋病毒状况预测因素。为了降低艾滋病毒流行率和血清不一致状况，女性应该在控制自己的性行为方面拥有发言权或与男性处于平等地位。
