Mog Mithun, Neogi Debasis, Bharadwaz Mrinmoy Pratim, Panda Basant Kumar, Sil Apyapee
National Institute of Technology Agartala, Tripura, India.
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
J Biosoc Sci. 2023 May;55(3):425-437. doi: 10.1017/S0021932022000177. Epub 2022 May 2.
The prevalence of anaemia and its continuous growth, especially among women, is a global health concern. The present study aims to examine the prevalence of anaemia and its determinants in the North Eastern region of India. The study used secondary data from the National Family Health Survey 2015-2016 on women of reproductive age group in India. The data were adjusted for sampling weight, stratification and cluster sampling design for analysis. Binary logistic regression and multivariable regression analysis were performed to determine factors associated with anaemia. Of the 65941 participants, 25993 (40%) had anaemia. High prevalence of mild or moderate anaemia was found among women with following socio-demographic characteristics: residing in the rural area (41.20%), having no education (43.07%), belonging to the low-income family (43.39%), having a well as source of drinking water (46.29%), using the traditional method of contraception (44.55%), underweight (42.18%) and those who had first delivery before 20 years of age (40.66%). Logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio) showed that women in the following categories were more likely to develop anaemia: in the age-group of 35-49 years, with no education, with poor wealth, having low nutrition levels; using traditional contraception and women who ate pulses or fish once a week. Alarming rates of anaemia (two in every five), found in the study, need effective strategies for fortification of iron supplement among women. Generation of mass awareness in this regard by utilizing the ongoing adolescent, maternal, child health and nutrition programmes will help in reducing the incidence of anaemia among women.
贫血的患病率及其持续增长，尤其是在女性中，是一个全球健康问题。本研究旨在调查印度东北地区贫血的患病率及其决定因素。该研究使用了2015 - 2016年全国家庭健康调查中关于印度育龄妇女的二手数据。对数据进行了抽样权重、分层和整群抽样设计的调整以进行分析。进行了二元逻辑回归和多变量回归分析以确定与贫血相关的因素。在65941名参与者中，25993人（40%）患有贫血。在具有以下社会人口特征的女性中发现轻度或中度贫血的患病率较高：居住在农村地区（41.20%）、未受过教育（43.07%）、属于低收入家庭（43.39%）、有饮用水源（46.29%）、使用传统避孕方法（44.55%）、体重过轻（42.18%）以及那些在20岁之前首次分娩的人（40.66%）。逻辑回归（调整后的比值比）表明，以下类别的女性更有可能患贫血：年龄在35 - 49岁之间、未受过教育、财富状况差、营养水平低；使用传统避孕方法以及每周吃一次豆类或鱼类的女性。该研究中发现的令人震惊的贫血率（五分之二）需要有效的策略来加强女性的铁补充剂。通过利用正在进行的青少年、孕产妇、儿童健康和营养项目在这方面提高大众意识将有助于降低女性贫血的发病率。
