Sirage Nurye, Hailu Desta, Kahsay Tensay, Amaje Elias
Department of Midwifery, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia.
Department of Maternal and Reproductive Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2022 Apr 21;10:20503121221094182. doi: 10.1177/20503121221094182. eCollection 2022.
Pelvic organ prolapse is a common disorder, with up to 40% of women worldwide having some form of anatomical prolapse, and it is a significant public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. The prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse in Ethiopia is 13% in Benchi Maji. This study is designed to provide information about the determinants of pelvic organ prolapse among gynecologic patients attending public referral hospitals in the Amhara region, 2020.
Institution-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from March to June 2020 among randomly selected 348 mothers (116 cases and 232 controls). A convenient sampling technique was used to select cases, and controls were selected by systematic random sampling technique. A pre-tested and structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were coded and entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science IBM version 25 for analysis. Finally, adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were used to declare statistical significance.
The result showed that being unable to read and write (illiterate) (adjusted odds ratio = 3.91; 95% confidence interval = 1.06-14.39), age of women >= 40 (adjusted odds ratio = 2.91; 95% confidence interval = 1.255-6.736), giving first birth before age of 20 (adjusted odds ratio = 5.72; 95% confidence interval = 1.73-18.94), carrying heavy objects (adjusted odds ratio = 2.296; 95% confidence interval = 1.102-4.785), parity ⩾ 4 (adjusted odds ratio = 7.02; 95% confidence interval = 1.16-42.45), and family history of pelvic organ prolapse (adjusted odds ratio = 3.09; 95% confidence interval = 1.24-7.71) were significantly associated with pelvic organ prolapse.
This study concluded that being unable to read and write, age ⩾ 40, multiparity, family history of pelvic organ prolapse, early childbirth, and carrying heavy objects were the risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse. Providing health education on planning the number of children, and the impact of carrying heavy loads on pelvic organs, preventing early childbirth, and encouraging women to pursue their education at least up to primary school level is recommended.
盆腔器官脱垂是一种常见疾病，全球多达40%的女性存在某种形式的解剖学脱垂，在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家，这是一个重大的公共卫生问题。在埃塞俄比亚的本奇马吉，盆腔器官脱垂的患病率为13%。本研究旨在提供2020年阿姆哈拉地区公立转诊医院妇科患者盆腔器官脱垂决定因素的相关信息。
2020年3月至6月，采用基于机构的非匹配病例对照研究设计，随机选取348名母亲（116例病例和232例对照）。采用方便抽样技术选取病例，通过系统随机抽样技术选取对照。使用经过预测试的结构化访谈问卷收集数据。数据进行编码并录入Epi数据3.1版本，然后导出到社会科学统计软件包IBM 25版本进行分析。最后，使用调整后的优势比和95%置信区间来判定统计学显著性。
结果显示，不识字（文盲）（调整后的优势比=3.91；95%置信区间=1.06 - 14.39）、女性年龄≥40岁（调整后的优势比=2.91；95%置信区间=1.255 - 6.736）、20岁前首次生育（调整后的优势比=5.72；95%置信区间=1.73 - 18.94）、搬运重物（调整后的优势比=2.296；95%置信区间=1.102 - 4.785）、产次≥4（调整后的优势比=7.02；95%置信区间=1.16 - 42.45）以及盆腔器官脱垂家族史（调整后的优势比=3.09；95%置信区间=1.24 - 7.71）与盆腔器官脱垂显著相关。
本研究得出结论，不识字、年龄≥40岁、多产、盆腔器官脱垂家族史、早育以及搬运重物是盆腔器官脱垂的危险因素。建议开展关于计划生育、搬运重物对盆腔器官的影响、预防早育以及鼓励女性至少接受小学教育的健康教育。
