School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Int Urogynecol J. 2021 Jun;32(6):1419-1426. doi: 10.1007/s00192-021-04710-4. Epub 2021 Apr 17.
While pelvic organ prolapse is common in clinical observation, there is a lack of evidence regarding its actual proportion and associated factors in the study area. Understanding the prevalence and risk factors could potentially help with prevention. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors related to pelvic organ prolapse in the Amhara region, northwest Ethiopia.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 women, recruited by the systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected in a face-to-face interview using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire to assess the symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse and the socio-demographic, obstetric, gynecologic, medical and surgical characteristics. The stage of prolapse was determined by pelvic examination using the Simplified Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification staging system. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were employed.
The overall prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse (stage I-IV) was found to be 37.6% when determined by pelvic examination and 9.2% as assessed by prolapse symptoms. Age ≥ 40 years [AOR 2.46 (1.320, 5.314)], age at first delivery ≤ 20 years [AOR 4.719 (2.44, 9.11)], carrying heavy objects for ≥ 5 hours a day [AOR 12.724 (4.89, 33.07)], parity ≥ 4 [AOR 3.739 (1.693, 8.208)], prolonged labor [AOR 3.487 (1.699, 7.159)], constipation [AOR 2.835 (1.273, 6.317)] and anemia [AOR 2.22 (1.049, 4.694)] were significantly associated with pelvic organ prolapse.
Prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse is high in the area; thus, developing information and education programs on avoiding risk factors is advisable to reduce the problem.
虽然盆腔器官脱垂在临床观察中很常见，但在研究区域，关于其实际比例和相关因素的证据不足。了解其患病率和危险因素可能有助于预防。因此，本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚西北部的阿姆哈拉地区盆腔器官脱垂的患病率和相关因素。
采用基于机构的横断面研究，通过系统随机抽样技术招募了 424 名妇女。使用结构化和预测试问卷进行面对面访谈，以评估盆腔器官脱垂的症状以及社会人口学、产科、妇科、医疗和手术特征。使用简化盆腔器官脱垂量化分期系统进行盆腔检查来确定脱垂的阶段。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归分析。
通过盆腔检查发现盆腔器官脱垂（I-IV 期）的总患病率为 37.6%，通过脱垂症状评估为 9.2%。年龄≥40 岁 [优势比 (OR) 2.46（1.320，5.314)]、初次分娩年龄≤20 岁 [OR 4.719（2.44，9.11)]、每天搬运重物≥5 小时 [OR 12.724（4.89，33.07)]、产次≥4 [OR 3.739（1.693，8.208)]、产程延长 [OR 3.487（1.699，7.159)]、便秘 [OR 2.835（1.273，6.317)]和贫血 [OR 2.22（1.049，4.694)]与盆腔器官脱垂显著相关。
该地区盆腔器官脱垂的患病率较高；因此，制定关于避免危险因素的信息和教育计划以减少该问题是明智的。
