COVID-19 大流行期间护理缺失的原因：伊朗的一项定性研究。
Causes of Missed Nursing Care During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Iran.
机构信息
Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 13;10:758156. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.758156. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
The unpredictable and variable nature of COVID-19 and the lack of healthcare resources has led to inadequate care for patients. This study aimed to explain the causes of missed nursing care during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of Iranian nurses.
METHOD
This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 14 nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in three hospitals in Iran. Sampling was performed by the purposive method. Data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis method. The interviews were first recorded and transcribed, and then the data were analyzed using the Elo and Kyngas method. Data management was done with MAXQDA software version 10. To achieve trustworthiness, the criteria presented by Lincoln and Guba were used.
FINDINGS
A total of 14 nurses participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 31.85 ± 4.95 years, and the mean number of years of work experience was 7.71 ± 4.44. Eleven participants were women. Among all participants, nine had a bachelor's degree and five had a master's degree. Four nurses had fixed shifts, while ten nurses had rotating shifts. The causes of missed nursing care were categorized into 4 groups. The category "unfulfilled care" comprised the reasons for forgetting care, neglecting care, arbitrary elimination of care, and compulsory elimination of care. The category of "care at improper time" consisted of interference of the care in patients' daily activities and interference with other healthcare providers' activities. The "incomplete cares" category comprised failure to complete the care period in hospital, interruption in care, and discontinuance of care after patient discharge. The last category, "incorrect care," consisted of providing care regardless of the nursing process, providing care by unqualified professionals, and providing trial-and-error care.
CONCLUSION
This study illustrates an understanding of the causes of missed nursing care during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of nurses. The increasing demand for care caused by the pandemic and problems in the work environment has led to the failure of nurses to provide complete, correct care and sometimes miss parts of care to patients. Therefore, nursing policymakers and managers should develop and implement appropriate care protocols and instructions to minimize missed nursing care.
背景
COVID-19 的不可预测和多变性质以及医疗保健资源的缺乏导致患者护理不足。本研究旨在从伊朗护士的角度解释 COVID-19 大流行期间护理缺失的原因。
方法
本定性研究采用半结构式访谈，对伊朗三家医院的 14 名护理 COVID-19 患者的护士进行了访谈。抽样采用目的抽样法。使用常规内容分析法分析数据。访谈首先进行记录和转录，然后使用 Elo 和 Kyngas 方法对数据进行分析。数据管理使用 MAXQDA 软件版本 10。为了确保可信度，使用了 Lincoln 和 Guba 提出的标准。
结果
共有 14 名护士参加了研究。参与者的平均年龄为 31.85 ± 4.95 岁，平均工作经验为 7.71 ± 4.44 年。11 名参与者为女性。所有参与者中，9 人拥有学士学位，5 人拥有硕士学位。4 名护士有固定班次，10 名护士有轮班。护理缺失的原因分为 4 组。“未满足的护理”类别包括忘记护理、忽视护理、任意取消护理和强制取消护理的原因。“不当时间的护理”类别包括护理干扰患者的日常活动和干扰其他医疗保健提供者的活动。“不完整的护理”类别包括未能在医院完成护理期、护理中断和患者出院后停止护理。最后一个类别“不正确的护理”包括不遵守护理过程提供护理、由不合格的专业人员提供护理和提供试错护理。
结论
本研究从护士的角度说明了 COVID-19 大流行期间护理缺失的原因。大流行导致护理需求增加以及工作环境问题，导致护士无法提供完整、正确的护理，有时会遗漏患者的部分护理。因此，护理政策制定者和管理者应制定和实施适当的护理方案和说明，以尽量减少护理缺失。
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