Marsay Katherine S, Koucherov Yuri, Davidov Keren, Iankelevich-Kounio Evgenia, Itzahri Sheli, Salmon-Divon Mali, Oren Matan
Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
The Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Apr 12;13:845144. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.845144. eCollection 2022.
Marine plastic debris serve as substrates for the colonization of a variety of prokaryote and eukaryote organisms. Of particular interest are the microorganisms that have adapted to thrive on plastic as they may contain genes, enzymes or pathways involved in the adhesion or metabolism of plastics. We implemented DNA metabarcoding with nanopore MinION sequencing to compare the 1-month-old biomes of hydrolyzable (polyethylene terephthalate) and non-hydrolyzable (polyethylene) plastics surfaces vs. those of glass and the surrounding water in a Mediterranean Sea marina. We sequenced longer 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and ITS barcode loci for a more comprehensive taxonomic profiling of the bacterial, protist, and fungal communities, respectively. Long read sequencing enabled high-resolution mapping to genera and species. Using previously established methods we performed differential abundance screening and identified 30 bacteria and five eukaryotic species, that were differentially abundant on plastic compared to glass. This approach will allow future studies to characterize the plastisphere communities and to screen for microorganisms with a plastic-metabolism potential.
海洋塑料碎片是多种原核生物和真核生物定殖的基质。特别令人感兴趣的是那些适应在塑料上生长的微生物，因为它们可能含有与塑料粘附或代谢有关的基因、酶或途径。我们采用纳米孔MinION测序进行DNA宏条形码分析，以比较地中海一个码头中可水解（聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯）和不可水解（聚乙烯）塑料表面与玻璃表面以及周围水体的1个月龄生物群落。我们对更长的16S rRNA、18S rRNA和ITS条形码位点进行测序，以便分别对细菌、原生生物和真菌群落进行更全面的分类学分析。长读长测序能够实现对属和种的高分辨率定位。我们使用先前建立的方法进行差异丰度筛选，确定了30种细菌和5种真核生物，它们在塑料上的丰度与在玻璃上相比存在差异。这种方法将使未来的研究能够对塑料球生物群落进行特征描述，并筛选具有塑料代谢潜力的微生物。
