Mikhailova Mariya M, Sydoruk Konstantin V, Davydova Lubov I, Yastremsky Evgeniy V, Chvalun Sergey N, Debabov Vladimir G, Bogush Vladimir G, Panteleyev Andrey A
National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia.
National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute» - GosNIIGenetika, Moscow, Russia.
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2022 Sep;33(13):1685-1703. doi: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2073426. Epub 2022 May 13.
Recombinant spidroins (RS; the analogues of silk proteins of spider's web) have multiple properties beneficial for bioengineering, including their suitability for electrospinning and thus, for production of materials with oriented fibers. This makes RS-based matrices potentially effective in stimulating regeneration of peripheral nerves. The restoration of injured nerves also depends on prompt regrowth of blood vessels. Therefore, prospective scaffold materials for neuro-regenerative therapy should positively affect both the nerves and the blood vessels. Currently, the experimental models suitable for culturing and quantitative assessment of the vascular and neuronal cells on the same material are lacking. Here, we assessed the suitability of electrospun RS-based matrices for cultivation of the mouse aorta and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants. We also quantified the effects of matrix topography upon both types of tissues. The RS-based materials have effectively supported aortic explants survival and sprouting. The cumulative length of endothelial sprouts on rS1/9-coated inserts was significantly higher as compared to type I collagen coatings, suggesting stimulatory effects on angiogenesis in vitro. In contrast to matrices with random fibers, on matrices with parallel fibers the migration of both smooth muscle and endothelial cells was highly oriented. Furthermore, alignment of RS fibers effectively directs the growth of axons and the migration of Schwann cells from DRGs. Thus, the electrospun RS matrices are highly suitable to culture both, the DRGs and aortic explants and to study the effects of matrix topography on cell migration. This model has a high potential for further endeavor into interactions of nerve and vascular cells and tissues.
重组蛛丝蛋白（RS；蜘蛛网丝蛋白的类似物）具有多种对生物工程有益的特性，包括其适用于静电纺丝，因此也适用于生产具有定向纤维的材料。这使得基于RS的基质在刺激周围神经再生方面具有潜在的有效性。受损神经的恢复还取决于血管的迅速再生。因此，用于神经再生治疗的前瞻性支架材料应同时对神经和血管产生积极影响。目前，缺乏适用于在同一材料上培养和定量评估血管和神经元细胞的实验模型。在此，我们评估了基于静电纺丝RS的基质对小鼠主动脉和背根神经节（DRG）外植体培养的适用性。我们还量化了基质拓扑结构对这两种组织的影响。基于RS的材料有效地支持了主动脉外植体的存活和发芽。与I型胶原涂层相比，rS1/9涂层插入物上内皮芽的累积长度显著更高，表明其在体外对血管生成有刺激作用。与具有随机纤维的基质相比，在具有平行纤维的基质上，平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞的迁移都具有高度的方向性。此外，RS纤维的排列有效地引导了轴突的生长和雪旺细胞从DRG迁移。因此，静电纺丝RS基质非常适合培养DRG和主动脉外植体，并研究基质拓扑结构对细胞迁移的影响。该模型在进一步研究神经和血管细胞及组织相互作用方面具有很大潜力。
