Milaszewska Aleksandra, Hanselman Beth, Lee Gary Kwok Cheong, Wood R Darren, Ogg Anthony Abrams
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Milaszewska, Ogg); Department of Internal Medicine, Mississauga-Oakville Veterinary Emergency Hospital Mississauga, Ontario (Hanselman); Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario (Lee, Wood).
Can Vet J. 2022 May;63(5):491-496.
This paper reports a case of neonatal hyperleukocytosis in a dog due to a bacterial infection. A 3-week-old, mixed-breed dog was brought to a veterinary college referral center with a history of weight loss despite a good appetite. Clinical and laboratory examinations included: physical examination, complete blood (cell) count (CBC), serum biochemistry profile, abdominal ultrasound examination, and cytology of liver and bone marrow aspirates. The CBC showed hyperleukocytosis of 158.0 × 10/L (RI: 2.1 to 21.2 × 10/L) and hematocrit of 0.19 L/L (RI: 0.21 to 0.34 L/L). The strong leukemoid reaction was comprised of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. The dog was diagnosed with liver infection based on liver aspirates and culture. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was prescribed. A recheck abdominal ultrasound and CBC repeated 4 wk after initial examination were unremarkable. Neonatal hyperleukocytosis is well-described in human medicine but veterinary studies in small animal neonates are scarce. Key clinical message: Hyperleukocytosis in adult dogs may be caused by leukemia or leukemoid reactions. Generalized sepsis is a leading cause of leukemoid reactions in adult dogs and cats. In puppies, neoplasia is less likely, and other causes should be investigated. Similar to human neonates, puppies can mount a strong leukemoid reaction during an infection, even if it is not a generalized septic process.
本文报告了一例因细菌感染导致的犬新生儿白细胞增多症病例。一只3周龄的混种犬被带到兽医大学转诊中心，尽管食欲良好，但有体重减轻的病史。临床和实验室检查包括：体格检查、全血细胞计数（CBC）、血清生化指标、腹部超声检查以及肝脏和骨髓穿刺液的细胞学检查。全血细胞计数显示白细胞增多至158.0×10⁹/L（参考区间：2.1至21.2×10⁹/L），血细胞比容为0.19L/L（参考区间：0.21至0.34L/L）。强烈的类白血病反应由中性粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞组成。根据肝脏穿刺液和培养结果，该犬被诊断为肝脏感染。开具了阿莫西林-克拉维酸。初次检查4周后复查的腹部超声和全血细胞计数均无异常。新生儿白细胞增多症在人类医学中有详细描述，但关于小动物新生儿的兽医研究较少。关键临床信息：成年犬的白细胞增多症可能由白血病或类白血病反应引起。全身性败血症是成年犬和猫类白血病反应的主要原因。在幼犬中，肿瘤形成的可能性较小，应调查其他原因。与人类新生儿相似，幼犬在感染期间即使不是全身性脓毒症过程也可能出现强烈的类白血病反应。
