Division of Genetic Counseling Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Division of Medical Nutrition Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
J Genet Couns. 2022 Oct;31(5):1138-1147. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1584. Epub 2022 May 3.
Strong evidence indicates following a healthy diet reduces cancer risk; however, the impact of diet education on empowerment on individuals with an increased cancer risk has not been evaluated. Study participants included patients who had met with a cancer genetic counselor without a history of cancer. Participants received pre- and post-diet education surveys including questions to measure empowerment and feedback for diet education in relation to cancer risk. Empowerment was measured using a ten-question survey adapted from the Genetic Counseling Outcome Scale. The diet education intervention consisted of viewing an infographic created for this study based on recommendations for diets that reduce cancer risk by the World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research. Twenty-eight participants completed both surveys and reviewed the diet education intervention. There was no change in empowerment between pre- and post- diet education (mean change = -0.5; p = 0.49). Participants previously learned about the relationship between a healthy diet and cancer risk reduction from several sources including family and friends (25.0%), online (25.0%), and primary care providers (25.0%). Most participants preferred diet education to be delivered online (42.9%), followed by on paper (39.3%), and in-person delivery (17.9%). This pilot study promotes further investigation on the impact of diet or lifestyle education on individuals who have a predisposition to developing cancer. While the results demonstrated no change in empowerment because of diet education, the results established a desire for learning about a healthy diet related to cancer risk and preferences for the modes of delivering education.
有力的证据表明，健康的饮食可以降低癌症风险；然而，饮食教育对增加癌症风险个体的赋权影响尚未得到评估。研究参与者包括曾与癌症遗传咨询师会面但无癌症病史的患者。参与者接受了饮食教育前后的调查，包括衡量赋权的问题以及与癌症风险相关的饮食教育反馈。赋权是通过改编自遗传咨询结果量表的十项调查来衡量的。饮食教育干预包括观看根据世界癌症研究基金会和美国癌症研究所降低癌症风险的饮食建议制作的信息图。28 名参与者完成了两项调查并审查了饮食教育干预措施。饮食教育前后的赋权没有变化（平均变化=-0.5；p=0.49）。参与者之前从多个来源了解健康饮食与降低癌症风险之间的关系，包括家人和朋友（25.0%）、网络（25.0%）和初级保健提供者（25.0%）。大多数参与者更喜欢在线（42.9%）提供饮食教育，其次是纸质（39.3%）和面对面（17.9%）。这项试点研究促进了对饮食或生活方式教育对有癌症倾向个体的影响的进一步调查。虽然结果表明饮食教育并没有增强赋权，但结果表明人们渴望了解与癌症风险相关的健康饮食知识，并对教育模式的偏好。
