Functional Foods Research Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa.
Agri-Food Systems & Omics Laboratory, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs), Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
J Food Sci. 2022 Jun;87(6):2291-2309. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.16155. Epub 2022 May 3.
Apples are rich sources of selected micronutrients (e.g., iron, zinc, vitamins C and E) and polyphenols (e.g., procyanidins, phloridzin, 5'-caffeoylquinic acid) that can help in mitigating micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) and chronic diseases. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the significant bioactive compounds in apples together with their reported pharmacological actions against chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. For consumers to fully gain these health benefits, it is important to ensure an all-year-round supply of highly nutritious and good-quality apples. Therefore, after harvest, the physicochemical and nutritional quality attributes of apples are maintained by applying various postharvest treatments and hurdle techniques. The impact of these postharvest practices on the safety of apples during storage is also highlighted. This review emphasizes that advancements in postharvest management strategies that extend the storage life of apples should be optimized to better preserve the bioactive components crucial to daily dietary needs and this can help improve the overall health of consumers.
苹果富含多种微量营养素（如铁、锌、维生素 C 和维生素 E）和多酚（如原花青素、根皮苷、5′-咖啡酰奎宁酸），有助于缓解微量营养素缺乏症（MNDs）和慢性疾病。本综述提供了有关苹果中重要生物活性化合物的最新概述，以及它们在糖尿病、癌症和心血管疾病等慢性疾病方面的报道的药理作用。为了让消费者充分获得这些健康益处，确保全年供应营养丰富且质量优良的苹果非常重要。因此，在收获后，通过应用各种采后处理和障碍技术来保持苹果的理化和营养品质属性。本综述还强调了这些采后处理对苹果在储存期间安全性的影响。本综述强调，应优化采后管理策略的进步，以延长苹果的储存寿命，从而更好地保存日常饮食所需的关键生物活性成分，这有助于改善消费者的整体健康状况。
