Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 1):155610. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155610. Epub 2022 Apr 30.
Difenoconazole (DCZ) is a triazole fungicide that negatively affects aquatic organisms and humans. However, data regarding the reproductive toxicity of DCZ are insufficient. In this study, we used zebrafish (from 2 h post-fertilization [hpf] to adulthood) as a model to evaluate whether DCZ at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 μg/L) induces reproductive toxicity. After exposure to DCZ, egg production and fertilization rates were reduced by 1.0 and 10.0 μg/L. A significant decrease in gamete frequency (late vitellogenic oocytes and spermatozoa) was observed at 10.0 μg/L. The concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), and vitellogenin (VTG) were disrupted in females and males by 1.0 and 10.0 μg/L. Exposure to 10.0 μg/L DCZ significantly inhibited the contact time between female and male fish, which was mainly achieved by affecting male fish. The transcription of genes involved in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis was significantly changed after treatment with DCZ. Overall, these data show that the endocrine-disrupting effect of DCZ on the zebrafish HPG axis inhibited gamete maturation and disrupted reproductive behavior, reducing fertility.
苯醚甲环唑（DCZ）是一种三唑类杀菌剂，对水生生物和人类有负面影响。然而，关于 DCZ 的生殖毒性的数据还不够充分。在这项研究中，我们使用斑马鱼（从受精后 2 小时[hpf]到成年期）作为模型，评估 DCZ 在环境相关浓度（0.1、1.0 和 10.0 μg/L）下是否会引起生殖毒性。暴露于 DCZ 后，1.0 和 10.0 μg/L 组的产卵率和受精率降低。在 10.0 μg/L 时，观察到配子频率（晚期卵黄生成卵和精子）显著下降。1.0 和 10.0 μg/L 组雌、雄鱼的 17β-雌二醇（E2）、睾酮（T）和卵黄蛋白原（VTG）浓度受到干扰。暴露于 10.0 μg/L DCZ 显著抑制了雌雄鱼之间的接触时间，这主要是通过影响雄鱼来实现的。DCZ 处理后，参与下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴的基因转录明显改变。总的来说，这些数据表明，DCZ 对斑马鱼 HPG 轴的内分泌干扰作用抑制了配子成熟，并破坏了生殖行为，降低了生育能力。
