Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Science, Postępu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland.
Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 3;12(1):7206. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11155-2.
The emergence of tolerance during Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a complex process. The main goal of VIT is to induce a change from proinflammatory Th2 response to the Th1 response. However, the immune mechanism of acquiring rapid tolerance during VIT has not yet been fully understood. Therefore, we have analyzed (in 4-time points: 0, 2, 6, and 24 weeks after the initiation phase of VIT) the concentration of complement C3, C4, and C5 components, lymphocyte subpopulations (flow cytometry), as well as histamine and tryptase serum concentrations of 43 patients with wasp venom allergy (III and IV Müller grade) classified to ultra-rush treatment and 18 volunteers as the control group (CG). We observed that VIT affected the immune system by inducing changes in the complement system (decreased C3 and C4 compartment protein concentrations) and "normalized" the percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Moreover, a significant increase in the percentage of nTreg in the blood of patients treated with VIT was observed. On the other hand, there were no changes in histamine or tryptase concentrations in the blood. Increased percentage of nTreg cells is a well-known mechanism by which VIT affects the immune system. Finally, VIT also modulated the concentrations of the complement components, which may be a previously unknown VIT mechanism of action.
蜂毒液免疫治疗（VIT）过程中出现的耐受是一个复杂的过程。VIT 的主要目标是诱导从促炎 Th2 反应转变为 Th1 反应。然而，在 VIT 过程中获得快速耐受的免疫机制尚未完全了解。因此，我们分析了（在 VIT 起始阶段后的 0、2、6 和 24 周 4 个时间点）43 例黄蜂毒液过敏患者（III 和 IV Müller 级）的补体 C3、C4 和 C5 成分浓度、淋巴细胞亚群（流式细胞术）以及组胺和类胰蛋白酶血清浓度，这些患者被分为超快速治疗组和 18 名志愿者作为对照组（CG）。我们观察到 VIT 通过诱导补体系统的变化（C3 和 C4 区蛋白浓度降低）和“正常化”外周血中淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞的百分比来影响免疫系统。此外，还观察到接受 VIT 治疗的患者血液中 nTreg 的百分比显著增加。另一方面，血液中组胺或类胰蛋白酶的浓度没有变化。nTreg 细胞百分比的增加是 VIT 影响免疫系统的一个众所周知的机制。最后，VIT 还调节了补体成分的浓度，这可能是 VIT 作用机制的一个先前未知的方面。
