Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
International Institute for the rights of the child (Institut International des Droits de l'Enfant, IDE), Sion, Switzerland.
Glob Health Action. 2022 Dec 31;15(1):2061240. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2061240.
Th Ebola virus is known as one of the deadliest pathogens to infect humans. Children represent a minority of Ebola Virus Disease cases globally. Yet, the different Ebola outbreaks in Africa had a wide impact on children's lives and children' rights.
Review the published literature to date on Children's rights during Ebola outbreaks. Outcomes shall contribute to get a better understanding of the main limitations or violations of children's rights, identify potential gaps in the literature and support the promotion and protection of children's rights for current and future health crisis.
A scoping review from PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library and Web of Science was performed using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Articles, reports and editorial, published on Ebola Outbreaks between 1976 and 2020 were retrieved. The UNCRC clusters of rights and treaty specific guidelines were used as a framework. Documents were found through a targeted search of websites from international or regional organisations involved in Ebola crises and children's protection.
48 articles and reports were reviewed. Few documents focused solely on children's rights. Several articles covered the topic of children and Ebola outbreaks. Most of the data are linked to basic health, education, discrimination of orphans and survivors. 31% of the reviewed articles underline the violence against the children (rape, abuse, Female genital mutilations), while 21% focus on the right to education. 23% cover the topic of orphans. Impact on mental health and SRH were amongst the other covered topics.
A lack of data on children's rights and their violations during epidemics is observed. Regional and international collaboration is needed to document the situation of children in health emergencies. Health measures and strategies based on children's opinions and raising awareness of their crucial role in society is key. Child-centred guidelines should be developed based on these elements.
埃博拉病毒是已知感染人类的最致命病原体之一。儿童在全球埃博拉病毒病病例中占少数。然而，非洲的不同埃博拉疫情对儿童的生活和儿童权利产生了广泛的影响。
回顾迄今为止有关埃博拉疫情期间儿童权利的已发表文献。研究结果将有助于更好地了解儿童权利的主要限制或侵犯情况，确定文献中的潜在差距，并为当前和未来的卫生危机促进和保护儿童权利提供支持。
根据 PRISMA-ScR 指南，从 PubMed、Medline、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 进行了范围综述。检索了 1976 年至 2020 年期间关于埃博拉疫情爆发的文章、报告和社论。联合国儿童权利公约权利群和特定条约准则被用作框架。通过有针对性地搜索参与埃博拉危机和儿童保护的国际或区域组织的网站，找到了文件。
共审查了 48 篇文章和报告。很少有文件专门关注儿童权利。有几篇文章涉及儿童和埃博拉疫情爆发的主题。大多数数据与基本卫生、教育、孤儿和幸存者的歧视有关。审查的 31%的文章强调了对儿童的暴力行为（强奸、虐待、女性生殖器切割），而 21%的文章侧重于教育权。23%的文章涵盖了孤儿问题。心理健康和性与生殖健康的影响也是涵盖的主题之一。
在疫情期间，儿童权利及其侵犯情况的数据缺乏。需要区域和国际合作来记录儿童在卫生紧急情况下的情况。基于儿童的意见制定卫生措施和战略，并提高他们在社会中的关键作用的认识是关键。应根据这些要素制定以儿童为中心的准则。
