Noise exposure during robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty.

The aim of the study was to examine the noise exposure for operating theater staff during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with three different robot systems. There is already evidence that noise exposure during TKA performed manually exceeds recommended guidelines for occupational noise. Therefore, if surgical staff is exposed to it for several years, the development of noise-inducing hearing loss (NIHL) is significantly increased. To investigate the noise exposure during robot-assisted TKA, the study measured the average noise and the peak sound pressure during TKA with MAKO robot (Stryker, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States), NAVIO robot (Smith and Nephew, London, Great Britain), and CORI robot (Smith and Nephew, London, Great Britain) using a class 1 sound level meter. Each robot system exceeds the recommended guidelines from the national institute for occupational safety and health. While the MAKO robot had the highest average sound level (93.18 dB(A)) of the three robot systems (NAVIO: 88.88 dB(A), CORI: 89.38 dB(A)), the peak sound level was the highest with the NAVIO Robot (134.48 dB(C)) compared to the MAKO Robot (128.98 dB(C)) and CORI robot (126.48 dB(C)). Robot-assisted TKA is a risk factor for NIHL, like manually performed TKA. Further research for decreasing the noise exposure during TKA is needed to minimize the hearing loss in operating theater staff.