School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 1):155615. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155615. Epub 2022 May 1.
Due to the gradual phase-out of brominated flame retardants, the consumption of organophosphate esters (OPEs) as suitable alternatives has increased in recent years. These compounds could be trapped and accumulate in the widely developed glaciers such as Laohugou Glacier No. 12 in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), as snow is an effective scavenger of organic pollutants in the atmosphere. However, large gaps in knowledge still exist regarding the occurrence, distribution, and source analysis of OPEs in TP glaciers. In this study, eight surface snow samples collected at different altitudes on Laohugou Glacier No. 12 on the northeastern edge of the TP in order to investigate sources and distribution of OPEs. The results showed that the concentrations of ∑7OPEs varied from 54.53 ng/L to 169.15 ng/L, with a mean of 99.84 ng/L. ∑Chlorinated-OPEs (Cl-OPEs) were dominant in these samples, accounting for 83% of the total OPE concentrations. ∑OPEs concentration increases with altitude on Laohugou Glacier No. 12, implying an altitudinal magnification effect on OPEs deposition. Principal component analysis suggests that OPEs primarily originated from traffic emissions and their variations were largely driven by dust transport. Analyses of backward trajectories of air masses and the wind field indicate that these OPEs might have come from urban emissions northwest of Laohugou Glacier No. 12. This study provides the first valuable insight into the environmental behavior of OPEs in Tibetan glaciers.
由于溴系阻燃剂的逐步淘汰，近年来作为合适替代品的有机磷酸酯 (OPEs) 的消耗量有所增加。这些化合物可能会被困在广泛发育的冰川中并积累，例如青藏高原（TP）的老沟 12 号冰川，因为雪是大气中有机污染物的有效清除剂。然而，对于 TP 冰川中 OPEs 的存在、分布和源分析，仍存在很大的知识差距。在这项研究中，我们在青藏高原东北部老沟 12 号冰川的不同海拔高度采集了 8 个表面雪样，以调查 OPEs 的来源和分布。结果表明，∑7OPEs 的浓度范围为 54.53ng/L 至 169.15ng/L，平均值为 99.84ng/L。这些样品中以氯化-OPEs（Cl-OPEs）为主，占 OPEs 总浓度的 83%。∑OPEs 浓度随老沟 12 号冰川的海拔升高而增加，表明 OPEs 在沉积过程中存在海拔放大效应。主成分分析表明，OPEs 主要来源于交通排放，其变化主要受粉尘输送的影响。气团后向轨迹和风向场的分析表明，这些 OPEs 可能来自老沟 12 号冰川西北方向的城市排放。本研究首次深入了解了 OPEs 在青藏高原冰川中的环境行为。
