Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
Life Sci. 2022 Jul 15;301:120602. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120602. Epub 2022 May 1.
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are typical cellular components in the circulating blood flowing from the heart into the lungs. Physiologically, MKs function as an important regulator of platelet production and immunoregulation. However, dysfunction in MKs is considered a trigger in various diseases. It has been described that the lung is an important site of platelet biogenesis from extramedullary MKs, which may play an essential role in various pulmonary diseases. With detailed studies, there are different degrees of numerical changes of MKs in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and other pulmonary diseases. Also, MKs inhibit or promote the development of pulmonary diseases through various pathways. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of MKs in pulmonary diseases, highlighting the physiological functions and integrated molecular mechanisms. We aim to shine new light on not only the subsequent study of MKs but also the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases.
巨核细胞（MKs）是从心脏流入肺部的循环血液中的典型细胞成分。从生理学上讲，MKs 作为血小板生成和免疫调节的重要调节剂发挥作用。然而，MKs 的功能障碍被认为是各种疾病的触发因素。已经描述了肺是骨髓外 MKs 产生血小板的重要部位，这可能在各种肺部疾病中发挥重要作用。通过详细研究，在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）、急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、肺癌、肺纤维化（PF）和其他肺部疾病中，MKs 的数量有不同程度的变化。此外，MKs 通过各种途径抑制或促进肺部疾病的发展。在这里，我们总结了 MKs 在肺部疾病中的现有知识，强调了其生理功能和综合分子机制。我们的目标不仅是为 MKs 的后续研究，而且为肺部疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的思路。
