Universidad de Extremadura, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte. Avda: Universidad S/N, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
Development Department, International Tennis Federation, London SW15 5XZ, UK.
Physiol Behav. 2022 Aug 1;252:113836. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113836. Epub 2022 May 1.
The present study aimed to assess the impact of a tennis competition on the HRV of nationally ranked junior girls and boys tennis players. A total of 22 nationally ranked tennis players (8 girls and 14 boys), with a mean age of 14.18 (2.15) and experience in national tournaments of 4.23 (2.27) years, participated in this cross-sectional study. Boys had a mean age of 14.36 (1.86) years-old and girls had a mean age of 13.87 (2.69) years old. Participants were assessed the day before and 20 min before the competition match. Significantly reduction in time-domain variables such as the time between intervals R-R (RR-interval) (p-value = 0.001), the percentage of intervals >50 ms different from the previous interval (pNN50) (p-value = 0.020) and the square root of the mean of the squares of the successive differences of the interval RR (RMSSD) (p-value = 0.028) were found between baseline and pre-match assessments. Furthermore, the non-linear measure based on the dispersion, standard deviation, of points perpendicular to the axis of line-of-identity in the Poincaré plot (SD1) (p-value = 0.028) was also significantly reduced before the match when compared to the baseline. However, differences between girls and boys junior tennis players were not found in the pre-competitive heart rate variability (HRV) variables (p-value >0.05). HRV is a convenient, non-invasive measurement that can be easily performed with a watch at home and on the field in order to control and manage match-induced pressure.
本研究旨在评估网球比赛对排名靠前的青少年男女网球选手心率变异性（HRV）的影响。共有 22 名排名靠前的网球选手（8 名女孩和 14 名男孩）参与了这项横断面研究，他们的平均年龄为 14.18（2.15）岁，参加国家级比赛的平均经验为 4.23（2.27）年。男孩的平均年龄为 14.36（1.86）岁，女孩的平均年龄为 13.87（2.69）岁。参与者在比赛前一天和比赛前 20 分钟接受评估。在时域变量方面，如 RR 间期（RR-interval）的时间（p 值=0.001）、与前一个间期相差超过 50 毫秒的间期百分比（pNN50）（p 值=0.020）和均方根的平方根RR 间期的连续差值（RMSSD）（p 值=0.028），与基线相比，评估结果显著降低。此外，在比赛前，基于 Poincaré 图中垂直于线的点的散布和标准差（SD1）的非线性指标（p 值=0.028）也显著降低。然而，在比赛前的初级青少年网球选手的心率变异性（HRV）变量方面，男孩和女孩之间没有发现差异（p 值>0.05）。HRV 是一种方便、非侵入性的测量方法，可以在家中和球场上使用手表轻松进行，以控制和管理比赛带来的压力。
