Mezemir Melat, Girma Meskerem, Bekele Dereje
Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
College of Health and Medical Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2022 Apr 27;13:145-154. doi: 10.2147/PHMT.S296979. eCollection 2022.
Severe acute malnutrition is the most prevalent reason for admission to a pediatric unit, and it is a leading cause of mortality in many countries, including Ethiopia, at 25% to 30%, where it affects both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess treatment outcomes and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from medical records of patients enrolled in the therapeutic feeding center from January 2016 to March 2019. There were 385 samples collected at 3 public referral hospitals in Addis Ababa, which were selected by simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the available individual folders and registers. The data analysis was performed using binary and multivariable logistic regression models. The odds ratio with 95% CI was used to identify predictor variables. Variables that have a p-value <0.05 were considered significant.
Children who had tuberculosis were 79% less likely to recover than those who had no tuberculosis. In this study, deaths accounted for 9.1%, recovered were 72.2%, and defaulters accounted for 11.6% with a mean length of stay of 18.6 (CI: 16.9, 20.2) days and an average weight gain of 7.2 g/kg/day (CI: 5.7, 8.2).
Treating comorbidities on time can help children to recover early and reduce readmission. Integration of severe acute malnutrition screening into all service delivery points can help early identification and treatment. In the meantime, treating them with ready-to-use therapeutic feeding has a significant change in recovery.
重度急性营养不良是儿科病房最常见的入院原因，在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的许多国家，它是导致死亡的主要原因，死亡率在25%至30%之间，且在发达国家和发展中国家均有影响。本研究的目的是评估6至59个月患有重度急性营养不良儿童的治疗效果及相关因素。
采用横断面研究，使用2016年1月至2019年3月在治疗性喂养中心登记患者的病历中的二手数据。通过简单随机抽样在亚的斯亚贝巴的3家公立转诊医院收集了385个样本。使用结构化问卷从现有的个人文件夹和登记册中收集数据。数据分析采用二元和多变量逻辑回归模型。使用95%置信区间的比值比来确定预测变量。p值<0.05的变量被认为具有显著性。
患有结核病的儿童康复的可能性比未患结核病的儿童低79%。在本研究中，死亡占9.1%，康复占72.2%，失访占11.6%，平均住院时间为18.6天（置信区间：16.9，20.2），平均体重增加7.2克/千克/天（置信区间：5.7，8.2）。
及时治疗合并症有助于儿童早日康复并减少再次入院。将重度急性营养不良筛查纳入所有服务提供点有助于早期识别和治疗。同时，使用即食治疗性食品对其进行治疗在康复方面有显著改善。
