Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Fertil Steril. 2022 May;117(5):887-896. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.03.008.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Apart from the reproductive problems, PCOS is also associated with metabolic disturbances, and therefore, it also affects adolescents and postmenopausal women with PCOS as well as their offspring and other first-degree relatives. Adolescents with PCOS show unfavorable cardiometabolic biomarkers more often than controls, such as overweight/obesity and hyperandrogenism, and studies also suggest an unfavorable lipid profile. During reproductive age, women with PCOS develop additional cardiometabolic biomarkers, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Growing evidence also supports the important role of inflammatory cytokines in cardiovascular health in these women. During menopausal transition, some PCOS characteristics ameliorate, whereas other biomarkers increase, such as body mass index, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Offspring of women with PCOS have a lower birth weight and a higher body mass index later in life than controls. In addition, fathers, mothers, and siblings of women with PCOS show unfavorable cardiometabolic biomarkers. Therefore, cardiovascular screening and follow-up of women with PCOS and their offspring and siblings are of utmost importance.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是育龄妇女最常见的内分泌疾病。除了生殖问题外，PCOS 还与代谢紊乱有关，因此，它也会影响患有 PCOS 的青少年和绝经后妇女及其后代和其他一级亲属。患有 PCOS 的青少年比对照组更常出现不利的心血管代谢生物标志物，如超重/肥胖和高雄激素血症，研究还表明血脂状况不佳。在生育年龄，患有 PCOS 的妇女会出现其他心血管代谢生物标志物，如高血压、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征。越来越多的证据也支持炎症细胞因子在这些妇女心血管健康中的重要作用。在绝经过渡期间，一些 PCOS 特征会改善，而其他生物标志物会增加，如体重指数、胰岛素抵抗、2 型糖尿病和高血压。患有 PCOS 的妇女的后代出生体重较低，成年后体重指数较高。此外，患有 PCOS 的妇女的父亲、母亲和兄弟姐妹表现出不利的心血管代谢生物标志物。因此，对患有 PCOS 的妇女及其后代和兄弟姐妹进行心血管筛查和随访非常重要。
