Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 25;836:155618. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155618. Epub 2022 May 2.
Little evidence is available regarding the impact of different sizes of inhaled particulate matter (PM) on inflammatory responses in healthy young adults in connection with toxicological responses. We conducted a five-time repeated measurement panel study on 88 healthy young college students in Guangzhou, China from December 2017 to January 2018. Blood samples were collected from each participant and tested for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels every week for 5 consecutive weeks. Mass concentrations of ambient PM, PM, PM and number concentrations of ambient PM were measured. RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to PM (PM, PM, PM, PM) collected at the same time as the panel study. Cytotoxicity, oxidation and inflammatory parameters, cell cycle and genotoxicity were tested. Particles were characterized for their chemical composition. The trends of associations between PM, PM, PM and TNF-α level were consistent in lag 0 and 3 days, and the relative risk decreased as the particle size decreased. All the ambient air pollutants had the similar change trends in lag 1, 4 and 5 days. Similar results in RAW 264.7 macrophages were found; PM induced the greatest TNF-α and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) productions and oxidative damage. PM and PM induced more significant dose-dependent increases of cell cycle and genotoxic response. In the component concentrations of PM samples, metal elements were PM > PM > PM ≥ PM; ions and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were PM > PM > PM > PM. Our results suggested that exposure to all particle sizes was significantly associated with inflammation among healthy young adults and toxicological responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Different human and toxicological reactions caused by PM samples indicated the importance of investigating various particle sizes.
关于不同粒径的吸入性颗粒物（PM）对健康年轻成年人炎症反应的影响及其与毒理学反应的关系，目前相关证据有限。本研究于 2017 年 12 月至 2018 年 1 月在中国广州开展了一项五次重复测量的青年大学生队列研究，共纳入 88 名健康大学生。于每周采集所有参与者的血样，连续 5 周检测肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平。同时测量环境 PM、PM、PM 和 PM 质量浓度以及环境 PM 数浓度。采用与队列研究同期采集的 PM（PM、PM、PM、PM）暴露 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞，检测细胞毒性、氧化和炎症参数、细胞周期和遗传毒性。对颗粒的化学成分进行了特征分析。PM、PM、PM 与 TNF-α水平之间的关联趋势在滞后 0 天和 3 天一致，随着粒径减小，相对风险降低。所有环境空气污染物在滞后 1、4 和 5 天的变化趋势相似。在 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞中也发现了类似的结果；PM 诱导产生最大的 TNF-α和巨噬细胞炎症蛋白 2（MIP-2）产生和氧化损伤。PM 和 PM 诱导的细胞周期和遗传毒性反应呈更显著的剂量依赖性增加。在 PM 样本的成分浓度中，金属元素为 PM > PM > PM ≥ PM；离子和多环芳烃（PAHs）为 PM > PM > PM > PM。我们的研究结果表明，暴露于所有粒径的 PM 均与健康年轻成年人的炎症和 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞的毒理学反应显著相关。PM 样本引起的不同人体和毒理学反应表明，研究各种粒径具有重要意义。
