Lesa Raewyn, Daniel Ben
University of Otago, Higher Education Development Centre, Dunedin, New Zealand.
BMJ Simul Technol Enhanc Learn. 2016 Jul 20;2(4):118-123. doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2016-000108. eCollection 2016.
There is an increasing global tendency to use simulations in nursing education. This research examined the current status of simulation programs in undergraduate nursing schools in New Zealand. The goal was to gain a better understanding of how simulations are currently implemented in nursing schools and to identify the associated opportunities and challenges.
16 nursing schools in New Zealand deliver undergraduate nursing education. 10 of these schools selected a nursing leader who was involved in the schools' simulation program to complete an online survey. The survey questions were designed to explore the nature of simulations in nursing schools, and the opportunities and challenges experienced in the implementation of these programmes.
Survey data were analysed and presented as summary statistics (frequencies and percentages). Responses to short questions were thematically analysed and common themes were identified. The analysis was divided into demographic characterises and main results.
The key outcomes of the study have shown the prevalence of various simulation modalities in nursing schools in New Zealand. The analysis also suggests that the current practices associated with the integration of simulations into nursing education in New Zealand are fragmented and sporadic. Challenges shared across all institutions include inadequate resourcing of simulation programs, poor curriculum integration and programme alignment; a lack of shared understanding of what constitutes simulation and the extent to which simulation modalities achieve learning outcomes.
The outcome of this study has contributed to a better understanding of the prevalence and nature of simulation programs in undergraduate nursing schools in New Zealand. It has also provided insights into the different opportunities and challenges associated with implementing these programmes in nursing schools. Furthermore, the research has identified important conceptual and theoretical issues related to the broad discourse on the use of simulations in undergraduate nursing education.
在护理教育中使用模拟教学的全球趋势日益增强。本研究调查了新西兰本科护理院校模拟教学项目的现状。目的是更好地了解目前护理院校如何实施模拟教学，并确定相关的机遇和挑战。
新西兰有16所护理院校提供本科护理教育。其中10所院校挑选了参与本校模拟教学项目的护理负责人来完成一项在线调查。调查问题旨在探究护理院校模拟教学的性质，以及实施这些项目所经历的机遇和挑战。
对调查数据进行分析，并以汇总统计数据（频率和百分比）的形式呈现。对简短问题的回答进行了主题分析，并确定了共同主题。分析分为人口统计学特征和主要结果两部分。
该研究的主要成果表明了新西兰护理院校中各种模拟教学方式的普及程度。分析还表明，目前新西兰将模拟教学融入护理教育的做法零散且不系统。所有院校面临的共同挑战包括模拟教学项目资源不足、课程整合和项目协调不佳；对模拟教学的构成以及模拟教学方式在多大程度上能实现学习成果缺乏共同认识。
本研究结果有助于更好地了解新西兰本科护理院校模拟教学项目的普及程度和性质。它还深入探讨了在护理院校实施这些项目所涉及的不同机遇和挑战。此外，该研究还确定了与本科护理教育中模拟教学广泛讨论相关的重要概念和理论问题。
