Slosarek M, Sula L, Theophilus S, Hruby L
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1978 Apr-Jun;46(2):154-9.
The loss of acid-fastness by M. leprae after two-hour pyridine extractions, reportedly a specific test for differentiating M. leprae from all other mycobacteria, was verified on different materials obtained from leprosy patients, histologic sections from a fatal post-BCG vaccination case and smears prepared from pure cultures of 32 strains of 18 different mycobacterial species. Under the conditions used, pyridine extraction led to complete loss of acid-fastness in M. leprae only in histologic sections of biopsy specimens from leprosy patients, whereas in direct smears from skin lesions containing M. leprae the number of acid-fast rods after pyridine extraction was either equal to or only slightly smaller than in control preparations. Moreover, since smears from pure cultures of M. avium, M. diernhoferi, M. fortuitum, M. scrofulaceum, M. vaccae and especially M. phlei displayed a smaller or greater number of nonacid-fast cells as well (in some instances only 10% to 20% of cells were found stained whereas control slides contained 90% to 100% acid-fast rods), loss of acid-fastness after two-hour pyridine extraction cannot be considered a property typical of M. leprae only.
据报道，两小时吡啶提取后麻风分枝杆菌抗酸性丧失是区分麻风分枝杆菌与所有其他分枝杆菌的特异性试验，这一点在从麻风患者获得的不同材料、一例卡介苗接种后死亡病例的组织切片以及由18种不同分枝杆菌属的32个菌株的纯培养体制备的涂片上得到了验证。在所使用的条件下，吡啶提取仅导致麻风患者活检标本组织切片中的麻风分枝杆菌完全丧失抗酸性，而在含有麻风分枝杆菌的皮肤病变直接涂片中，吡啶提取后的抗酸杆菌数量与对照制剂中的数量相等或仅略少。此外，由于鸟分枝杆菌、迪尔恩霍费尔分枝杆菌、偶然分枝杆菌、瘰疬分枝杆菌、母牛分枝杆菌尤其是草分枝杆菌纯培养物的涂片也显示出或多或少数量的非抗酸细胞（在某些情况下，仅发现10%至20%的细胞被染色，而对照玻片含有90%至100%的抗酸杆菌），两小时吡啶提取后抗酸性丧失不能仅被视为麻风分枝杆菌的典型特性。
