Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 19;10:816530. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.816530. eCollection 2022.
Like many other countries, the federal government of Malaysia took the initiative to implement nationwide home confinement as a preventive measure in response to the pandemic COVID-19 outbreak, better known as Movement Control Order (MCO). Many have suffered economically, which led to poor states of well-being. This study investigates the relationship between lifestyle, psychological factors affecting eating habits, and physical activity among government servants in states with the highest cumulative cases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 210 government servants from four states (Selangor, Sabah, Kuala Lumpur, and Johor) from May 2021 to June 2021. Three validated questionnaires were used, namely, Emotional-Eater Questionnaire (EEQ), and Malay International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-M) from López-Moreno et al. (1).
There were significant gender differences ( < 0.001) for supplement intake, with 30.4% among men and 62.3% in women. Almost half (49.1%) were classified as emotional or very emotional eaters. Also, a significant difference ( < 0.005) was found in the perception of boredom and apathy between men (35.7%) and women (31.8%). A majority (56.2%) stated that their mood positively affected their eating habits. The total metabolic equivalent of task (MET) for 132 subjects was 3495.8 ± 3862.7 min/week for physical activity. Significant differences were observed between MET and gender (Mann-Whitney -test: = 0.019), with men showing higher MET value (5001.4 ± 5354.0 min/week men, 2864.3 ± 2754.3 min/week women). A significant difference was observed among women for body weight and body mass index (BMI) before and during MCO ( < 0.001). For the emotional eater, there were correlations with eating habits before the MCO for quantity of food intake ( = 0.003), frequency of mealtime < 0.001), changes of food habits ( = 0.005), cooking methods ( = 0.016), and frequency of food intake ( = 0.020). There is no correlation ( = 0.577) between psychological factors affecting eating habits and physical activity during COVID-19.
Changes were reported before and during MCO on lifestyle, eating habits, and physical activity. Such information will help design strategies to improve the economic and health status among government servants in Malaysia during the implementation of MCO or something similar.
与许多其他国家一样，马来西亚联邦政府主动实施全国居家隔离措施，以应对大流行 COVID-19 疫情，该措施通常被称为行动管制令 (MCO)。许多人因此在经济上受到影响，导致整体健康状况不佳。本研究调查了在 COVID-19 大流行期间累积病例最多的四个州（雪兰莪州、沙巴州、吉隆坡和柔佛州）的政府公务员中，生活方式、影响饮食习惯的心理因素与身体活动之间的关系。
2021 年 5 月至 2021 年 6 月期间，采用横断面在线调查的方式对来自四个州（雪兰莪州、沙巴州、吉隆坡和柔佛州）的 210 名政府公务员进行调查。使用了三份经过验证的问卷，即 López-Moreno 等人（1）的情绪进食问卷（EEQ）和马来国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ-M）。
在补充剂摄入方面存在显著的性别差异（<0.001），男性中有 30.4%，女性中有 62.3%。几乎一半（49.1%）的人被归类为情绪或非常情绪化的进食者。此外，男性（35.7%）和女性（31.8%）在对无聊和冷漠的感知方面存在显著差异（<0.005）。大多数（56.2%）表示，他们的情绪会积极影响他们的饮食习惯。132 名受试者的总代谢当量（MET）为每周 3495.8±3862.7 分钟/周的体力活动。在 MET 和性别之间观察到显著差异（Mann-Whitney 检验：=0.019），男性的 MET 值更高（男性 5001.4±5354.0 分钟/周，女性 2864.3±2754.3 分钟/周）。在体重和体重指数（BMI）方面，女性在 MCO 前后存在显著差异（<0.001）。对于情绪进食者，在 MCO 之前和期间，与饮食习惯有关的因素有食物摄入量（=0.003）、用餐频率（<0.001）、饮食习惯变化（=0.005）、烹饪方法（=0.016）和食物摄入频率（=0.020）存在相关性。在 COVID-19 期间，影响饮食习惯的心理因素与体力活动之间没有相关性（=0.577）。
在 MCO 前后，生活方式、饮食习惯和体力活动均发生变化。这些信息将有助于制定策略，在 MCO 实施期间或类似情况下，改善马来西亚公务员的经济和健康状况。
