McDonald J C, Landreneau M D, Hargroder D E, Venable D D, Rohr M S
Ann Surg. 1987 Apr;205(4):428-31. doi: 10.1097/00000658-198704000-00014.
Reported are 204 primary external ureteroneocystostomies and 16 primary ureteroureterostomies in a series of 220 consecutive renal transplants. A total of 12 (5%) complications occurred; however, only seven (3%) required major operative repair, whereas five (2%) were minor and were repaired by cystoscopic or transvesical procedures. There was no mortality and no allograft loss from these complications, which tend to occur late and be amenable to prompt repair. Since the complications of external ureteroneocystostomy differ from those of the internal ureteroneocystostomy, a discussion of their treatment is provided. A review of literature shows that the external repair is growing in popularity because of its good results. The good results are attributable to the use of a short length of ureter, to the use of a continuous monofilament suture that produces an anastomosis less likely to leak, and to the need of a very small cystostomy.
在连续220例肾移植手术中，共进行了204例原发性输尿管膀胱外吻合术和16例原发性输尿管输尿管吻合术。总共发生了12例（5%）并发症；然而，只有7例（3%）需要进行大型手术修复，而5例（2%）为轻微并发症，通过膀胱镜或经膀胱手术修复。这些并发症未导致死亡，也未造成同种异体移植物丢失，并发症往往发生较晚，且易于迅速修复。由于输尿管膀胱外吻合术的并发症与输尿管膀胱内吻合术不同，因此对其治疗方法进行了讨论。文献综述表明，由于其良好的效果，外修复术越来越受欢迎。良好的效果归因于使用较短长度的输尿管、使用连续单丝缝合线使吻合口漏出的可能性较小以及所需的膀胱造口术非常小。
