Youn Jong-Sang, Seo Jeong-Won, Han Sehyun, Jeon Ki-Joon
Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University Michuhol-gu Incheon 22212 Korea
Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital 7 Hwaseong-si Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea.
RSC Adv. 2019 Jun 24;9(34):19606-19612. doi: 10.1039/c9ra03248g. eCollection 2019 Jun 19.
This study examined the emissions of nanoparticles and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) by 3D printer operations and evaluated nanoparticle deposition behavior using a prediction model. Nanoparticles and HAPs were sampled at the Inha University 3D printing center with five fused filament fabrication (FFF)-type 3D printers. The number size distribution of the nanoparticles exhibited a bimodal distribution with dominant peaks over a large size range between 70 and 100 nm and a smaller size range between 10 and 20 nm. With increasing 3D printer operation, the number concentration of 10 nm particles increased, and the final number concentration was 3.6 times higher than that of the background concentration. Nanoparticle formation and agglomeration were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Model calculations revealed that a large number of nanoparticles between 10 and 30 nm in size are deposited in the lower human respiratory tract (generation number: 16-22). A total of 14 HAPs species were detected, among which hexane, acrylonitrile, and benzene concentrations were the highest.
本研究检测了3D打印机操作过程中纳米颗粒和有害空气污染物（HAPs）的排放情况，并使用预测模型评估了纳米颗粒的沉积行为。在仁荷大学3D打印中心，使用五台熔融沉积成型（FFF）型3D打印机对纳米颗粒和HAPs进行了采样。纳米颗粒的数量粒径分布呈现双峰分布，在70至100nm的较大尺寸范围内和10至20nm的较小尺寸范围内有主峰。随着3D打印机操作次数增加，10nm颗粒的数量浓度增加，最终数量浓度比背景浓度高3.6倍。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对纳米颗粒的形成和团聚进行了表征。模型计算表明，大量尺寸在10至30nm之间的纳米颗粒沉积在人体下呼吸道（代次：16 - 22）。共检测到14种HAPs物质，其中己烷、丙烯腈和苯的浓度最高。
