Saptal Vitthal B, Wang Ruibin, Park Sehoon
Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong 515063 China.
Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Technion City 32000 Haifa Israel
RSC Adv. 2020 Dec 7;10(71):43539-43565. doi: 10.1039/d0ra07768b. eCollection 2020 Nov 27.
Catalytic hydroelementation of alkynes mainly with hydroboranes and hydrosilanes gives a straightforward and atom-economical access to a wide range of vinylmetalloids, which are used as synthetically useful and/or reactive species in both synthetic and materials chemistry. Thus far, although numerous transition metal catalysts with well-defined ligand systems have been developed for alkyne hydroelementation, the employed catalysts are mainly based on expensive and potentially toxic metals such as Rh, Pt, and Ir, and their conventional inner-sphere hydride transfer pathways are susceptible to reaction systems, often making it difficult to control the selectivity. In this regard, transition metal-free catalysts for hydroelementation (E = B, Si, ) have intensively been reported as an alternative to the conventional metal catalytic regimes over the last decade. In this review, we describe the recent advances in transition metal-free catalytic procedures for alkyne hydroelementation using hydrides based on Si, B, Sn, and Ge with strong emphasis on the variation in the catalytic working mode depending on the intrinsic nature of the reaction systems.
主要利用硼烷和硅烷对炔烃进行催化加氢元素化反应，为制备多种乙烯基金属化合物提供了一种直接且原子经济的方法，这些乙烯基金属化合物在合成化学和材料化学中均作为具有合成用途和/或反应活性的物种。到目前为止，尽管已开发出许多具有明确配体体系的过渡金属催化剂用于炔烃加氢元素化反应，但所使用的催化剂主要基于诸如铑、铂和铱等昂贵且潜在有毒的金属，并且它们传统的内球氢化物转移途径易受反应体系影响，常常使得选择性控制变得困难。在这方面，在过去十年中，无过渡金属的加氢元素化催化剂（E = B、Si等）作为传统金属催化体系的替代物已被大量报道。在本综述中，我们描述了使用基于硅、硼、锡和锗的氢化物进行炔烃加氢元素化的无过渡金属催化方法的最新进展，重点强调了根据反应体系的内在性质，催化作用模式的变化。
