Mondal Kona, Bhattacharjee Sayan Kumar, Mudenur Chethana, Ghosh Tabli, Goud Vaibhav V, Katiyar Vimal
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG) Assam-781039 India
RSC Adv. 2022 May 3;12(21):13295-13313. doi: 10.1039/d2ra00949h. eCollection 2022 Apr 28.
The concept of sustainability and the substitution of non-biodegradable packaging using biodegradable packaging has attracted gigantic interest. The objective of the present study was to revalorize the biowaste "de-oiled green algae biomass (DAB)" of using a green approach and the development of biodegradable chitosan (CS)-based edible active biocomposite films and coatings for prolonging the shelf life of fresh produce. Ultrasound-assisted green extraction was conducted using food-grade solvent ethanol for obtaining the bio-actives, namely "crude algae ethanolic extract (CAEE)" from DAB. The edible films (CS/CAEE) and coating solutions were developed by incorporating CAEE with varying concentrations (0 to 28%). The CAEE was subjected to MALDI-TOF-MS, NMR, and other biochemical analyses, and was found to be rich in DPPH antioxidant activity (∼40%). The CS/CAEE films were fabricated using a solvent casting method and characterized by several biochemical and physicochemical (FESEM, TGA, FTIR, XRD, WVP, UTM, and rheological) characterization techniques. The addition of CAEE into the CS matrix reduced the maximum film transparency (∼20%), water vapor permeability (∼60%); improved the crystallinity (∼24%), tensile strength (∼25%), and antioxidant activity (∼27%); and exhibited UV-Vis blocking properties as compared to the control film. Besides, the developed coating solutions and CAEE showed biocompatibility with BHK-21 fibroblast cells and antimicrobial activity against common food pathogens. The developed coating solution was applied on green chilli using a dipping method and stored at ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C, 50-70 % RH) for 10 days. The shelf life of chillies was extended without altering the quality as compared to uncoated green chillies. Therefore, the formulated coating could be applicable for prolonging the shelf life of fresh produce.
可持续发展的概念以及使用可生物降解包装替代不可生物降解包装已引起了极大的关注。本研究的目的是采用绿色方法对生物废料“脱油绿藻生物质（DAB）”进行再利用，并开发基于可生物降解壳聚糖（CS）的可食用活性生物复合膜和涂层，以延长新鲜农产品的保质期。使用食品级溶剂乙醇进行超声辅助绿色提取，以从DAB中获得生物活性物质，即“粗藻类乙醇提取物（CAEE）”。通过加入不同浓度（0至28%）的CAEE来制备可食用膜（CS/CAEE）和涂层溶液。对CAEE进行了基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF-MS）、核磁共振（NMR）和其他生化分析，发现其具有丰富的二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）抗氧化活性（约40%）。采用溶液浇铸法制备了CS/CAEE膜，并通过多种生化和物理化学（场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、热重分析（TGA）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、水蒸气透过率（WVP）、万能材料试验机（UTM）和流变学）表征技术对其进行了表征。将CAEE添加到CS基质中降低了最大膜透明度（约20%）、水蒸气透过率（约60%）；提高了结晶度（约24%）、拉伸强度（约25%）和抗氧化活性（约27%）；与对照膜相比，还表现出紫外可见阻挡性能。此外，所开发的涂层溶液和CAEE对幼仓鼠肾（BHK-21）成纤维细胞具有生物相容性，并对常见的食品病原体具有抗菌活性。采用浸渍法将所开发的涂层溶液应用于青椒上，并在室温（25±2°C，相对湿度50-70%）下储存10天。与未涂层的青椒相比，青椒的保质期得以延长且质量未受影响。因此，所配制的涂层可用于延长新鲜农产品的保质期。
