Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States of America (USA).
Bull World Health Organ. 2022 May 1;100(5):329-336. doi: 10.2471/BLT.22.287914. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a 2020 nationwide helmet promotion campaign, in terms of helmet wearing and correct helmet wearing, aimed at electric bike riders and motorcyclists in China.
We obtained 192 hours of film of traffic before (2019) and after (2021) implementation of the campaign at eight road intersections in Changsha, recording cyclist (traditional and electric) and motorcyclist helmet-wearing behaviour during both weekdays and the weekend, and peak and off-peak traffic. We extracted data on rider characteristics and helmet-wearing behaviour. We applied a logistic regression to obtain estimates of helmet wearing and correct helmet wearing, and calculated odds ratios adjusted for rider variables.
We filmed 11 525 cyclists and motorcyclists, 5256 (45.6%) before and 6269 (54.4%) after the campaign. We estimated a substantial increase in the overall percentage of helmet wearing from 8.8% (95% confidence interval, CI: 8.0-9.6) to 62.0% (95% CI: 60.8-63.2). After controlling for covariates, we noted that helmet wearing increased in all groups. However, we observed a decrease in the overall percentage of correct helmet wearing from 91.9% (95% CI: 89.4-94.3) to 83.5% (95% CI: 82.3-84.7). Post-campaign, we estimated the highest percentage of helmet wearing for delivery riders (88.8%) and lowest for traditional cyclists (3.8%); we estimated the lowest percentage of correct helmet wearing for three-wheeled motorcyclists (58.8%).
To increase helmet wearing and correct helmet wearing, we recommend amending the campaign to include traditional cyclists as well as education and legislation on the correct fastening of helmet chinstraps.
评估 2020 年在中国针对电动自行车和摩托车骑手开展的全国范围的头盔推广活动在提高头盔佩戴率和正确佩戴头盔方面的效果。
我们在长沙的 8 个道路交叉口获取了实施活动前后（2019 年和 2021 年）的 192 小时交通视频，记录了工作日和周末、高峰时段和非高峰时段自行车手（传统自行车手和电动自行车手）和摩托车手的头盔佩戴行为。我们提取了骑手特征和头盔佩戴行为的数据。我们应用逻辑回归模型获得头盔佩戴和正确佩戴头盔的估计值，并根据骑手变量调整了比值比。
我们共拍摄了 11525 名自行车手和摩托车手，活动前拍摄了 5256 人（45.6%），活动后拍摄了 6269 人（54.4%）。我们估计，总体头盔佩戴率从 8.8%（95%置信区间：8.0-9.6）大幅增加至 62.0%（95%置信区间：60.8-63.2）。在控制了协变量后，我们注意到所有群体的头盔佩戴率均有所增加。然而，我们观察到正确佩戴头盔的总体比例从 91.9%（95%置信区间：89.4-94.3）下降至 83.5%（95%置信区间：82.3-84.7）。活动后，我们估计快递员佩戴头盔的比例最高（88.8%），传统自行车手最低（3.8%）；我们估计三轮摩托车手正确佩戴头盔的比例最低（58.8%）。
为了提高头盔佩戴率和正确佩戴头盔率，我们建议修改活动，将传统自行车手纳入其中，并开展关于正确系紧头盔下巴带的教育和立法。
