Department of Planning and Management, FPLM, University for Development Studies, Wa, Ghana.
CSIR-Building and Road Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana.
Accid Anal Prev. 2014 Mar;64:18-22. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.11.008. Epub 2013 Nov 22.
Motorcyclists' injuries and fatalities are a major public health concern in many developing countries including Ghana. This study therefore aimed to investigate the prevalence of helmet use among motorcyclists in Wa, Ghana. The method used involved a cross-sectional roadside observation at 12 randomly selected sites within and outside the CBD of Wa. A total of 14,467 motorcyclists made up of 11,360 riders and 3107 pillion riders were observed during the study period. Most observed riders (86.5%) and pillion riders (61.7%) were males. The overall prevalence of helmet use among the observed motorcyclists was 36.9% (95% CI: 36.1-37.7). Helmet use for riders was 45.8% (95% CI: 44.8-46.7) whilst that for pillion riders was 3.7% (95 CI: 3.0-4.4). Based on logistic regression analysis, higher helmet wearing rates were found to be significantly associated with female gender, weekdays, morning periods and at locations within the CBD. Riders at locations outside the CBD were about 7 times less likely to wear a helmet than riders within the CBD (48.9% compared to 42.3%; χ(2)(1)=49.526; p<0.001). The study concluded that despite the existence of a national helmet legislation that mandates the use of helmets by both riders and pillion riders on all roads in Ghana, helmet use is generally low in Wa. This suggests that all stakeholders in road safety should jointly intensify education on helmet use and pursue rigorous enforcement on all road types especially at locations outside the CBD to improve helmet use in Wa.
摩托车手的受伤和死亡是许多发展中国家（包括加纳）的一个主要公共卫生关注点。因此，本研究旨在调查加纳瓦地区摩托车手戴头盔的情况。该方法采用了在瓦市 CBD 内外随机选择的 12 个地点进行横断面路边观察。在研究期间，共观察到 14467 名摩托车手，其中包括 11360 名骑手和 3107 名后座乘客。大多数观察到的骑手（86.5%）和后座乘客（61.7%）是男性。观察到的摩托车手总体头盔使用率为 36.9%（95%CI：36.1-37.7）。骑手的头盔使用率为 45.8%（95%CI：44.8-46.7），而后座乘客的头盔使用率为 3.7%（95%CI：3.0-4.4）。基于逻辑回归分析，发现头盔佩戴率较高与女性性别、工作日、早晨时段以及 CBD 内的地点显著相关。CBD 外地点的骑手比 CBD 内的骑手戴头盔的可能性低约 7 倍（48.9% 比 42.3%；χ(2)(1)=49.526；p<0.001）。研究得出结论，尽管加纳有一项国家头盔法规，要求所有道路上的骑手和后座乘客都必须戴头盔，但瓦地区的头盔使用率普遍较低。这表明道路安全的所有利益相关者都应共同加强头盔使用教育，并在所有道路类型（特别是在 CBD 外的地点）加强严格执法，以提高瓦地区的头盔使用率。
