Noahsen Paneeraq, Rex Karsten F, Bülow Pedersen Inge, Mulvad Gert, Florian-Sørensen Hans Christian, Pedersen Michael Lynge, Andersen Stig
Arctic Health Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.
Eur Thyroid J. 2022 May 27;11(3):e220071. doi: 10.1530/ETJ-22-0071.
This study aimed to provide the first data on the occurrence of thyroid autoimmunity among Inuit in Greenland, a distinct ethnic group who is not iodine deficient.
This study is a population-based cross-sectional study.
Data were collected in Nuuk in West Greenland and in Ammassalik district in East Greenland. Information on lifestyle, diet and diseases was obtained using questionnaires. Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in serum. Iodine and creatinine were measured in spot urine samples.
The participation rate was 95% with 434 Inuit participants; 75% were smokers. Iodine excretion was 169 µg/24 h in urban West Greenland, 224 µg/24 h in the main town and 228 µg/24 h in settlements in rural East Greenland. TPOAb, TgAb or either of these was measured in the serum from 3.7, 5.9 and 8.3% of participants, respectively. TPOAb or TgAb was found in 9.3% of Inuit women and 7.5% of men and more frequently, in East Greenland Inuit with the higher iodine excretion (P = 0.02). There was some evidence suggesting that thyroid autoimmunity was more frequent among non-smokers (12.5%) compared to smokers (7.0%). Harbouring a thyroid autoantibody was most frequent in participants with TSH above 3.6 mIU/L (P < 0.001).
Thyroid autoantibodies were rare among Greenland Inuit. While iodine nutrition was associated with autoimmunity similarly to other ethnic groups, the influence of sex and smoking was limited. This could suggest genetic component in Inuit, but the impact of cold, selenium and persistent organic pollutants needs to be elucidated.
本研究旨在提供有关格陵兰因纽特人甲状腺自身免疫发生率的首批数据，因纽特人是一个不缺碘的独特种族群体。
本研究是一项基于人群的横断面研究。
在西格陵兰的努克和东格陵兰的阿马萨利克地区收集数据。通过问卷获取生活方式、饮食和疾病方面的信息。检测血清中的甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）、甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TGAb）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）。检测即时尿样中的碘和肌酐。
参与率为95%，有434名因纽特参与者；75%为吸烟者。西格陵兰城市地区的碘排泄量为169μg/24小时，主要城镇为224μg/24小时，东格陵兰农村定居点为228μg/24小时。分别在3.7%、5.9%和8.3%的参与者血清中检测到TPOAb、TgAb或两者之一。在9.3%的因纽特女性和7.5%的男性中发现了TPOAb或TgAb，在碘排泄量较高的东格陵兰因纽特人中更常见（P = 0.02）。有一些证据表明，与吸烟者（7.0%）相比，非吸烟者（12.5%）中甲状腺自身免疫更常见。TSH高于3.6 mIU/L的参与者中甲状腺自身抗体的携带最为常见（P < 0.001）。
甲状腺自身抗体在格陵兰因纽特人中很少见。虽然碘营养与自身免疫的关联与其他种族群体相似，但性别和吸烟的影响有限。这可能表明因纽特人存在遗传因素，但寒冷、硒和持久性有机污染物的影响尚需阐明。
