Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Biomacromolecules. 2022 Jun 13;23(6):2197-2218. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00184. Epub 2022 May 6.
Cancer is a worldwide public health issue that has not been conquered. Theranostics, the combination of a therapeutic drug and imaging agent in one formulation using nanomaterials, has been developed to better cure cancer in recent years. Although diverse biomaterials have been applied in cancer theranostics, chitosan (CS), a natural polysaccharide bearing easy modification sites with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, shows great potential for developing cancer nanotheranostics. In this review, we seek to describe the chemical functionalities of CS used in cancer theranostics and their synthesis methods. We also present recent discoveries and research progresses on how the CS functionalization could improve the delivery efficiency of CS-based nanotheranostics. Finally, we report several case studies about the application of CS-based nanotheranostics. This paper focuses on the strategies to construct CS-based theranostics systems via chemical routes and highlights their applications in cancer treatment, which can provide useful references for further studies.
癌症是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，尚未被攻克。近年来，治疗药物和成像剂的结合，即利用纳米材料将治疗药物和成像剂结合在一个制剂中，即治疗诊断学（theranostics），已被开发出来以更好地治疗癌症。尽管已经应用了多种生物材料，但壳聚糖（CS）作为一种具有易于修饰的天然多糖，具有优异的生物相容性和生物降解性，在开发癌症纳米治疗诊断学方面具有巨大的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们试图描述 CS 在癌症治疗诊断学中的化学功能及其合成方法。我们还介绍了 CS 功能化如何提高基于 CS 的纳米治疗诊断学的递送效率的最新发现和研究进展。最后，我们报告了几个关于基于 CS 的纳米治疗诊断学的应用案例研究。本文主要关注通过化学途径构建基于 CS 的治疗诊断学系统的策略，并重点介绍其在癌症治疗中的应用，为进一步的研究提供有用的参考。
