Adjunct Clinical Professor and Director of Clinical Research, Ashman Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York; Private Practice, New York, New York.
Clinical Assistant Professor, Ashman Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York.
Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2022 May;43(5):E5-eE8.
Although the term "halitosis" was first coined in 1874, people have become increasingly aware of this problem more recently during the COVID-19 pandemic due to extensive wearing of protective masks. In fact, following dental caries and periodontal disease, halitosis is the third most prevalent reason for patients going to the dentist. Due to multifactorial etiology, the diagnosis of halitosis requires a rigorous health/dental/social history, a clinical examination, and measurements. The treatment ranges from the use of dentifrices, mouthwashes, tongue scraping, and masking products, and more recently includes photodynamic therapy, probiotics, and ozone. The purpose of this narrative review was to examine the published literature concerning halitosis over the past 30 years and discuss the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of the disease.
虽然“口臭”一词最早于 1874 年提出，但在 COVID-19 大流行期间，由于广泛佩戴防护口罩，人们最近越来越意识到这个问题。事实上，口臭是继龋齿和牙周病之后，患者看牙医的第三大常见原因。由于病因的多因素性，口臭的诊断需要严格的健康/牙科/社会史、临床检查和测量。治疗方法包括使用牙膏、漱口水、刮舌器和掩蔽产品，最近还包括光动力疗法、益生菌和臭氧。本叙述性综述的目的是检查过去 30 年有关口臭的已发表文献，并讨论该疾病的诊断、病因和治疗。
