Bollen C M, Rompen E H, Demanez J P
Université de Liège, CHU-Institut de Dentisterie, Consultation de Parodontologie.
Rev Med Liege. 1999 Jan;54(1):32-6.
Bad breath, or halitosis, affects between 50 and 65% of the population. Despite its frequency, this problem is often unaccepted and declared taboo. In about 8% of the cases, bad breath is related to an ENT pathology (sinusitis, tonsillitis, ...). More rarely it is caused by a metabolic (diabetes, trimethylaminuremia, ...) or gastric dysfunction. Ninety percent of the cases however, are associated to an oral disease: either gingivitis due to an inadequate removal of dental plaque, especially from interdental spaces, or periodontitis (alveolar bone destruction), or bacterial accumulation on the dorsum of the tongue. In most cases, an intensive disinfection of the mouth by scaling and root planing and/or instruction of a perfect oral hygiene will be sufficient to solve the problem. Perfumed mouthwashes or toothpastes will only give a short-term masking effect. An effective collaboration between a dentist or a periodontist and an ENT specialist is of great importance to dealt with bad breath.
口臭,即口腔异味,影响着50%至65%的人群。尽管其很常见,但这个问题往往不被接受且被视为禁忌。在约8%的病例中,口臭与耳鼻喉科疾病(鼻窦炎、扁桃体炎等)有关。更罕见的是,它由代谢紊乱(糖尿病、三甲胺尿症等)或胃部功能障碍引起。然而,90%的病例与口腔疾病有关:要么是由于牙菌斑清除不充分,尤其是牙缝间的牙菌斑,导致牙龈炎,要么是牙周炎(牙槽骨破坏),要么是舌背细菌堆积。在大多数情况下,通过洗牙和根面平整进行强化口腔消毒和/或指导正确的口腔卫生习惯足以解决问题。加香漱口水或牙膏只会产生短期的掩盖效果。牙医或牙周病医生与耳鼻喉科专家之间的有效合作对于应对口臭至关重要。