From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2022 May 6;9(4). doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001178. Print 2022 Jul.
To evaluate whether a third vaccination shows an added effect on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) T-cell responses in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab or fingolimod.
This is a substudy of a prospective multicenter study on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with immune-mediated diseases. Patients with MS treated with ocrelizumab, fingolimod, and no disease-modifying therapies and healthy controls were included. The number of interferon (IFN)-γ secreting SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells at multiple time points before and after 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations were evaluated.
In ocrelizumab-treated patients (N = 24), IFN-γ-producing SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were induced after 2 vaccinations with median levels comparable to healthy controls (N = 12) and patients with MS without disease-modifying therapies (N = 10). A third vaccination in ocrelizumab-treated patients (N = 8) boosted T-cell responses that had declined after the second vaccination, but did not lead to higher overall T-cell responses as compared to immediately after a second vaccination. In fingolimod-treated patients, no SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected after second (N = 12) and third (N = 9) vaccinations.
In ocrelizumab-treated patients with MS, a third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination had no additive effect on the maximal T-cell response but did induce a boost response. In fingolimod-treated patients, no T-cell responses could be detected following both a second and third SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
评估在接受奥瑞珠单抗或芬戈利莫德治疗的多发性硬化症患者中，第三次接种是否对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）T 细胞反应有额外作用。
这是一项关于免疫介导性疾病患者 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种的前瞻性多中心研究的子研究。纳入接受奥瑞珠单抗、芬戈利莫德和无疾病修正治疗的 MS 患者以及健康对照者。评估了 3 次 SARS-CoV-2 接种前后多个时间点 IFN-γ 分泌 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 T 细胞的数量。
在奥瑞珠单抗治疗的患者（N=24）中，2 次接种后诱导了 IFN-γ 产生的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 T 细胞反应，其中位数水平与健康对照者（N=12）和无疾病修正治疗的 MS 患者（N=10）相当。在奥瑞珠单抗治疗的患者（N=8）中进行第三次接种可增强第二次接种后下降的 T 细胞反应，但与第二次接种后即刻相比，并未导致总体 T 细胞反应更高。在芬戈利莫德治疗的患者中，第二次（N=12）和第三次（N=9）接种后均未检测到 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 T 细胞。
在接受奥瑞珠单抗治疗的 MS 患者中，第三次 SARS-CoV-2 接种对最大 T 细胞反应没有附加作用，但确实诱导了增强反应。在接受芬戈利莫德治疗的患者中，第二次和第三次 SARS-CoV-2 接种后均未检测到 T 细胞反应。
