Verbueken A H, Van de Vyver F, De Broe M, Van Grieken R
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1987;24(4):263-85. doi: 10.3109/10408368609110276.
An instrument for laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) has been available for applied research for several years. The value of this sensitive microanalytical technique has been demonstrated in various fields of science, including medicine and biology. The LAMMA instrument comprises two laser systems. The first is a weak continuous pilot laser that can be aimed at a region of interest of the sample, e.g., a histological microtome section, using a light microscope. The second is a powerful pulsed laser that can evaporate the selected area. The generated ions are then analyzed in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The advantages of LAMMA present new perspectives in biomedical research. Elements can be located and analyzed down to the parts per million-level with a 1 micron spatial resolution. Speciation and/or fingerprinting of (in)organic molecules may be obtained. However, the technique is destructive, the quality of the light-microscopic view is poor, and quantification is still under investigation. In this review, the analytical characteristics of LAMMA are evaluated, including instrumental features, detection sensitivity, ionization parameters, molecular speciation, and quantification. Applications of LAMMA in medicine are reviewed, covering the microanalysis of a wide range of physiological and toxic constituents (alkali metals, calcium, aluminum, titanium, fluorine and iodine, heavy metals, transition elements, and molecular compounds).
激光微探针质谱分析（LAMMA）仪器已经用于应用研究数年了。这种灵敏的微分析技术的价值已在包括医学和生物学在内的各个科学领域得到证实。LAMMA仪器包括两个激光系统。第一个是弱连续引导激光，可使用光学显微镜将其对准样品的感兴趣区域，例如组织学切片。第二个是强大的脉冲激光，可蒸发选定区域。然后在飞行时间质谱仪中分析产生的离子。LAMMA的优势为生物医学研究带来了新的视角。可以在1微米的空间分辨率下定位和分析低至百万分之一水平的元素。可以获得（有机）分子的形态分析和/或指纹图谱。然而，该技术具有破坏性，光学显微镜视图质量较差，并且定量分析仍在研究中。在这篇综述中，对LAMMA的分析特性进行了评估，包括仪器特性、检测灵敏度、电离参数、分子形态分析和定量分析。综述了LAMMA在医学上的应用，涵盖了对多种生理和有毒成分（碱金属、钙、铝、钛、氟和碘、重金属、过渡元素和分子化合物）的微分析。
