Sourouni Marina, Braun Janina, Oelmeier Kathrin, Möllers Mareike, Willy Daniela, Hennies Marc T, Köster Helen Ann, Pecks Ulrich, Klockenbusch Walter, Schmitz Ralf
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
Department of clinical Virology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2022 May 6;82(5):510-516. doi: 10.1055/a-1721-4908. eCollection 2022 May.
Maternally derived antibodies are a key element of neonatal immunity. So far, limited data has shown transplacental transmission of antibodies after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination with BNT162b2 in the third trimester. Our aim was to detect vertically transferred immunity after COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 (Comirnaty, BioNTech-Pfizer) or mRNA-1273 (Spikevax, Moderna) in the first, second or third trimester of pregnancy, and investigate the impact of maternal characteristics on umbilical cord antibody titre in newborns after delivery. Women who gave birth in our department and were vaccinated against COVID-19 during pregnancy were enrolled in CRONOS Satellite, a subproject of the German COVID-19-Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study. The titre of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was quantified in umbilical cord blood using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant immunoassay. Correlations between antibody titre and variables, including week of pregnancy when vaccinated, interval between vaccination and delivery, age and body mass index (BMI) were assessed with Spearman's rank correlation. A follow-up was conducted by phone interview 4 - 6 weeks after delivery. The study cohort consisted of 70 women and their 74 newborns. Vaccine-generated antibodies were present in all samples, irrespective of the vaccination type or time of vaccination. None of the parameters of interest showed a meaningful correlation with cord blood antibody concentrations (rho values < 0.5). No adverse outcomes (including foetal malformation) were reported, even after vaccination in the first trimester. Transplacental passage of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from mother to child was demonstrated in all cases in the present study. It can therefore be assumed that the newborns of mothers vaccinated at any time during pregnancy receive antibodies via the placenta which potentially provide them with protection against COVID-19. This is an additional argument when counselling pregnant women about vaccination in pregnancy.
母体来源的抗体是新生儿免疫的关键要素。到目前为止，有限的数据显示在妊娠晚期接种BNT162b2进行2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗接种后抗体的胎盘转运情况。我们的目的是检测在妊娠第一、第二或晚期接种BNT162b2（Comirnaty，BioNTech-辉瑞）或mRNA-1273（Spikevax，Moderna）进行COVID-19疫苗接种后的垂直传递免疫，并研究母体特征对分娩后新生儿脐带抗体滴度的影响。在我们科室分娩且在孕期接种COVID-19疫苗的妇女被纳入CRONOS卫星项目，这是德国COVID-19相关产科和新生儿结局研究的一个子项目。使用SARS-CoV-2 IgG II定量免疫测定法对脐带血中针对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白受体结合域的免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体滴度进行定量。抗体滴度与变量之间的相关性，包括接种时的孕周、接种与分娩之间的间隔、年龄和体重指数（BMI），采用Spearman等级相关性进行评估。在分娩后4至6周通过电话访谈进行随访。该研究队列由70名妇女及其74名新生儿组成。无论疫苗接种类型或接种时间如何，所有样本中均存在疫苗产生的抗体。没有一个感兴趣的参数与脐带血抗体浓度显示出有意义的相关性（rho值<0.5）。即使在孕早期接种疫苗后，也未报告不良结局（包括胎儿畸形）。本研究在所有病例中均证实了SARS-CoV-2抗体从母亲到孩子的胎盘传递。因此可以假设，在孕期任何时间接种疫苗的母亲的新生儿通过胎盘获得抗体这可能为他们提供针对COVID-19的保护。这是在为孕妇提供孕期疫苗接种咨询时的另一个论据。
