Hassani Somayeh, Nadji Proshat Sadat, Mohseni Anita, Rahnamaye Farzami Marjan, Mirab Samiee Siamak, Sadr Makan, Nadji Seyed Alireza
Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2022 Apr 26;2022:8668557. doi: 10.1155/2022/8668557. eCollection 2022.
Persistent infection with one of the most high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus causes all cases of cervical cancer and a significant proportion of other genital cancers. The HPV virus, unlike any other infection that leads to cancer, is transmitted only through sexual intercourse and is less affected by the general changes and development in lifestyle and medical standards, so only vaccination and screening can prevent the HPV virus and cancers caused by it. Therefore, determining the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes are of utmost importance in screening strategies regarding cervical cancer and vaccination decisions against HPV that vary based on the geographical and cultural characteristics of the study area. As a result, this study aimed to determine the frequency of human papillomavirus and the distribution of this virus's genotypes in the general population of women living in 11 provinces of Iran.
This study is a community-based survey study. Sampling was done by the cluster sampling method. Women aged 15-59 years old from the general population living in 11 provinces of Iran were included in the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using a questionnaire and vaginal examination. The study was performed on 2562 vaginal specimens that were referred to the laboratory of the present study. HPV genome was detected by the nested MY-GP method and papillomavirus genotyping was performed using the PCR multiplex method to identify 19 papillomavirus genotypes.
The general prevalence of HPV in the 11 provinces was obtained at 2.4% (108 out of 2562 people). The highest prevalence of the virus was in the age group of 25-34 years. The prevalence of HPV was statistically significant among different provinces. Hormozgan province with 22 cases (5.9%) had the highest and Isfahan province with 6 cases (2.2%) had the lowest incidence of HPV. The prevalence of high-risk HPV and medium-risk HPV is 3%, and the prevalence of low-risk HPV was estimated to be 2.1% of the total female population. Also, the highest prevalence was related to genotype 16.
According to the high prevalence of the HPV virus in young age groups in Iran, it is necessary to pay attention to screening programs to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）最具高风险的基因型之一的持续感染会引发所有宫颈癌病例以及相当一部分其他生殖器癌症。与其他导致癌症的感染不同，HPV病毒仅通过性行为传播，且受生活方式和医疗标准的总体变化及发展影响较小，因此只有接种疫苗和进行筛查才能预防HPV病毒及其引发的癌症。所以，确定HPV基因型的流行率和分布情况对于宫颈癌筛查策略以及根据研究地区的地理和文化特征制定的HPV疫苗接种决策至关重要。因此，本研究旨在确定伊朗11个省份成年女性总体人群中人乳头瘤病毒的感染率及其基因型分布。
本研究为基于社区的调查研究。采用整群抽样法进行抽样。在考虑纳入和排除标准后，纳入了来自伊朗11个省份成年女性总体人群中年龄在15 - 59岁的女性。通过问卷调查和阴道检查收集数据。对送检至本研究实验室的2562份阴道标本进行研究。采用巢式MY - GP法检测HPV基因组，并使用PCR多重方法进行乳头瘤病毒基因分型，以鉴定19种乳头瘤病毒基因型。
11个省份HPV的总体流行率为2.4%（2562人中108人）。该病毒在25 - 34岁年龄组中流行率最高。不同省份之间HPV的流行率具有统计学意义。霍尔木兹甘省有22例（5.9%），HPV发病率最高；伊斯法罕省有6例（2.2%），发病率最低。高危型HPV和中危型HPV的流行率均为3%，低危型HPV的流行率估计占女性总人口的2.1%。此外，流行率最高的是16型基因型。
鉴于伊朗年轻年龄组中HPV病毒的高流行率，有必要关注筛查项目以降低宫颈癌的发病率。
