Chandler Jennifer A, Van der Loos Kiah I, Boehnke Susan, Beaudry Jonas S, Buchman Daniel Z, Illes Judy
Bertram Loeb Research Chair, Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Apr 21;16:841035. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.841035. eCollection 2022.
A brain-computer interface technology that can decode the neural signals associated with attempted but unarticulated speech could offer a future efficient means of communication for people with severe motor impairments. Recent demonstrations have validated this approach. Here we assume that it will be possible in future to decode imagined (i.e., attempted but unarticulated) speech in people with severe motor impairments, and we consider the characteristics that could maximize the social utility of a BCI for communication. As a social interaction, communication involves the needs and goals of both speaker and listener, particularly in contexts that have significant potential consequences. We explore three high-consequence legal situations in which neurally-decoded speech could have implications: , where decoded speech is used as evidence; , where it may be used as a means of agency and participation such as consent to medical treatment; and , where such communications may be networked or may cause harm to others. We then illustrate how design choices might impact the social and legal acceptability of these technologies.
一种能够解码与尝试但未发出的语音相关的神经信号的脑机接口技术，可能为严重运动障碍患者提供一种未来高效的交流方式。最近的演示已经验证了这种方法。在这里，我们假设未来有可能对严重运动障碍患者的想象性（即尝试但未发出的）语音进行解码，并且我们考虑可以最大化脑机接口用于交流的社会效用的特征。作为一种社会互动，交流涉及说话者和倾听者的需求和目标，特别是在具有重大潜在后果的情境中。我们探讨了神经解码语音可能产生影响的三种高后果法律情况：一是解码语音被用作证据的情况；二是它可能被用作代理和参与手段（如同意医疗治疗）的情况；三是此类通信可能联网或可能对他人造成伤害的情况。然后我们说明了设计选择可能如何影响这些技术的社会和法律可接受性。
