Department of Speech-Language-Hearing: Sciences and Disorders, Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence.
Department of Speech-Language-Hearing: Sciences and Disorders, The University of Kansas, Lawrence.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2018 Feb 6;27(1):1-12. doi: 10.1044/2017_AJSLP-16-0244.
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to improve communication for people who require but are unable to use traditional augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. As BCIs move toward clinical practice, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) will need to consider their appropriateness for AAC intervention.
This tutorial provides a background on BCI approaches to provide AAC specialists foundational knowledge necessary for clinical application of BCI. Tutorial descriptions were generated based on a literature review of BCIs for restoring communication.
The tutorial responses directly address 4 major areas of interest for SLPs who specialize in AAC: (a) the current state of BCI with emphasis on SLP scope of practice (including the subareas: the way in which individuals access AAC with BCI, the efficacy of BCI for AAC, and the effects of fatigue), (b) populations for whom BCI is best suited, (c) the future of BCI as an addition to AAC access strategies, and (d) limitations of BCI.
Current BCIs have been designed as access methods for AAC rather than a replacement; therefore, SLPs can use existing knowledge in AAC as a starting point for clinical application. Additional training is recommended to stay updated with rapid advances in BCI.
脑机接口 (BCI) 有可能改善那些需要但无法使用传统辅助和替代沟通 (AAC) 设备的人的沟通能力。随着 BCI 走向临床实践，言语语言病理学家 (SLP) 将需要考虑其在 AAC 干预中的适用性。
本教程提供了 BCI 方法的背景知识，为 AAC 专家提供了将 BCI 应用于临床所需的基础知识。教程描述是基于对用于恢复沟通的 BCI 的文献综述生成的。
该教程的回答直接针对专门从事 AAC 的 SLP 感兴趣的 4 个主要领域：(a) 强调 SLP 实践范围的 BCI 的现状（包括以下子领域：个体使用 BCI 访问 AAC 的方式、BCI 对 AAC 的疗效以及疲劳的影响），(b) BCI 最适合的人群，(c) BCI 作为 AAC 访问策略的补充的未来，以及 (d) BCI 的局限性。
目前的 BCI 已被设计为 AAC 的访问方法，而不是替代方法；因此，SLP 可以将 AAC 中的现有知识作为临床应用的起点。建议进行额外的培训，以跟上 BCI 的快速发展。
