Han Wei, Su Yi, Liu Binglin, Zhu Wenjing, Yu Xinjuan, Sun Xiaohui, Qi Xuefei, Lin Xiaopei, Rizvi Syed A A, Song Woo-Jung, Lee Ji-Hyang, Shimizu Yasuo, Li Ziguang, Li Qinghai
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Quality Improvement Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Ann Transl Med. 2022 Apr;10(7):420. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-1755.
The hospitalization for asthma exacerbation has varied with seasons, however, the underlying weather reasons have not been fully explored yet. This study is aimed to explore the effect of weather factors on increased number of hospitalization due to worsening of asthma symptoms. This will provide more information to the relevant authorities to allocate appropriate medical resources as per the weather conditions in Qingdao, China.
All adult patients admitted for asthma exacerbation from 1 January, 2017 to 31 December, 2019 were enrolled from 13 main hospitals of Qingdao. The clinical data, including age, sex, smoking history, etc., were collected from the electronic medical record (EMR) systems. The hourly air quality of Qingdao from 2017-2019, including the air quality index (AQI), PM and PM, was obtained from the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre. All these parameters during 2017-2019 were compared monthly. For meteorological data, the monthly horizontal wind at 850 hPa and vertical velocity at 500 hPa during 1960-2020 were obtained from National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) global reanalysis dataset. The correlation analysis was applied to determine the association between asthma hospitalizations and the environmental factors, including atmospheric pressure, humidity, vertical visibility, and etc., monthly.
In all, 10,549 asthmatic inpatients (45.7% males, 54.3% females) were included in the study. The inpatients number for asthma exacerbation had a plateau lasting from March to June of 2019, accompanied with high PM and PM, as well as bad air quality from January to March of 2019, potentially governed by the El Niño event in 2018. However, there was no significance correlation between the number of asthma hospitalizations and the average value of all environmental factors.
The high rate of hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in Qingdao during the spring of 2019 was associated with the unfavorable weather conditions, which might be linked to the atmospheric circulation in East Asia.
哮喘急性加重的住院情况随季节变化，但潜在的天气原因尚未得到充分探究。本研究旨在探讨天气因素对因哮喘症状恶化导致住院人数增加的影响。这将为中国青岛的相关部门根据天气状况分配适当的医疗资源提供更多信息。
选取2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间在青岛13家主要医院因哮喘急性加重入院的所有成年患者。从电子病历（EMR）系统收集临床数据，包括年龄、性别、吸烟史等。2017 - 2019年青岛的每小时空气质量，包括空气质量指数（AQI）、PM和PM，来自中国国家环境监测中心。对2017 - 2019年期间的所有这些参数进行月度比较。对于气象数据，1960 - 2020年期间850百帕的月水平风和500百帕的垂直速度来自国家环境预测中心（NCEP）和国家大气研究中心（NCAR）的全球再分析数据集。应用相关性分析来确定哮喘住院人数与环境因素（包括气压、湿度、垂直能见度等）之间每月的关联。
本研究共纳入10549例哮喘住院患者（男性占45.7%，女性占54.3%）。2019年3月至6月哮喘急性加重的住院人数呈平稳状态，同时2019年1月至3月PM和PM较高，空气质量较差，这可能受2018年厄尔尼诺事件影响。然而，哮喘住院人数与所有环境因素的平均值之间无显著相关性。
2019年春季青岛哮喘急性加重的高住院率与不利的天气条件有关，这可能与东亚的大气环流有关。
