Department of Periodontology, Laboratory for Periodontal-, Implant-, Phototherapy (La-PIP), School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 2022 Jun;40(6):410-416. doi: 10.1089/photob.2021.0038. Epub 2022 May 9.
With laser irradiation emerging as an adjunctive treatment utilized in nonsurgical periodontal therapy, it is important to understand the variance of penetration depth among the different laser wavelengths. To evaluate the thermal penetration depth, as a photothermal effect, of carbon dioxide (CO)-, erbium: doped yttrium-aluminum-garnett (Er:YAG)-, and erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnett (Er,Cr:YSGG)-lasers on the bovine gingiva in an model. Four mandibles from freshly slaughtered cows were utilized in this study. Buccal and lingual root debridement was provided using three different laser wavelengths, all in pulsed settings. A CO- (10,600 nm), Er:YAG- (2940 nm), and Er,Cr:YSGG- (2780 nm) were utilized to irradiate pockets of two mandibular posterior teeth in each group. Laser power output settings were set to 2 W. The posterior teeth were irradiated for 30 sec buccal and 30 sec lingual of each tooth for all selected treatment test groups. Instrumentation with curettes was performed as a control group. Gingival flaps, including the entire gingiva, were fixed in 10% formalin and stained via Elastin van Gieson. Sections were examined microscopically to evaluate thermal damage and statistically compared using mixed effect model with Tukey adjustment. The CO-laser irradiation presented a statistically significant lower mean compared to Er,Cr:YSGG-laser ( < 0.0001). Er,Cr:YSGG-laser had a higher penetration depth compared to Er:YAG-laser ( < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference found in penetration depth between CO- and Er:YAG-laser irradiation. It can be concluded that all tested pulsed lasers had minimal penetration depth into the gingiva. However, the pulsed CO- and Er:YAG-lasers presented lower thermal effects compared to Er,Cr:YSGG-laser .
随着激光照射作为非手术牙周治疗的辅助治疗手段而出现，了解不同激光波长的穿透深度差异变得尤为重要。为了评估二氧化碳（CO）-、掺铒钇铝石榴石（Er:YAG）-和掺铒、铬：钇-钪-镓石榴石（Er,Cr:YSGG）-激光在牛牙龈中的热穿透深度，作为光热效应，在模型中进行了研究。本研究使用了来自 4 头刚屠宰的奶牛的 4 个下颌骨。使用三种不同的激光波长（均为脉冲设置）进行颊舌根清创。使用 CO（10600nm）、Er:YAG（2940nm）和 Er,Cr:YSGG（2780nm）激光照射每组两个下颌后牙的牙周袋。激光功率输出设置为 2W。所有选定的治疗测试组中，每颗牙的颊侧照射 30 秒，舌侧照射 30 秒。用刮匙作为对照组进行器械操作。固定包含整个牙龈的牙龈瓣，用 10%福尔马林固定，用弹性 van Gieson 染色。通过显微镜检查评估热损伤，并使用混合效应模型和 Tukey 调整进行统计学比较。CO 激光照射的平均穿透深度明显低于 Er,Cr:YSGG 激光（<0.0001）。Er,Cr:YSGG 激光的穿透深度高于 Er:YAG 激光（<0.0001）。CO-和 Er:YAG-激光照射的穿透深度之间没有统计学上的显著差异。可以得出结论，所有测试的脉冲激光对牙龈的穿透深度都很有限。然而，与 Er,Cr:YSGG 激光相比，脉冲 CO 和 Er:YAG 激光的热效应较低。
