Esmaeili Noah, Carter Chris G, Wilson Richard, Walker Seumas P, Miller Matthew R, Bridle Andrew R, Symonds Jane E
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia.
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Private Bag 49, Australia.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2022 Jun;42:100994. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100994. Epub 2022 May 2.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie differences in feed efficiency (FE) is an important step toward optimising growth and achieving sustainable salmonid aquaculture. In this study, the liver and white muscle proteomes of feed efficient (EFF) and inefficient (INEFF) Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reared in seawater were investigated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In total, 2746 liver and 702 white muscle proteins were quantified and compared between 21 EFF and 22 INEFF fish. GSEA showed that gene sets related to protein synthesis were enriched in the liver and white muscle of the EFF group, while conversely, pathways related to protein degradation (amino acid catabolism and proteolysis, respectively) were the most affected processes in the liver and white muscle of INEFF fish. Estimates of individual daily feed intake and share of the meal within tank were significantly higher in the INEFF than the EFF fish showing INEFF fish were likely more dominant during feeding and overfed. Overeating by the INEFF fish was associated with an increase in protein catabolism. This study found that fish with different FE values had expression differences in the gene sets related to protein turnover, and this result supports the hypothesis that protein metabolism plays a role in FE.
了解饲料效率（FE）差异背后的分子机制是优化生长和实现可持续鲑鱼养殖的重要一步。在本研究中，通过液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）对海水养殖的饲料高效（EFF）和低效（INEFF）奇努克鲑（Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）的肝脏和白色肌肉蛋白质组进行了研究。总共对21条EFF鱼和22条INEFF鱼的2746种肝脏蛋白和702种白色肌肉蛋白进行了定量和比较。基因集富集分析（GSEA）表明，与蛋白质合成相关的基因集在EFF组的肝脏和白色肌肉中富集，相反，与蛋白质降解相关的通路（分别为氨基酸分解代谢和蛋白水解）是INEFF鱼肝脏和白色肌肉中受影响最大的过程。INEFF鱼的个体每日采食量估计值和在水箱内的食物份额显著高于EFF鱼，表明INEFF鱼在摄食期间可能更具优势且摄食过量。INEFF鱼的暴饮暴食与蛋白质分解代谢增加有关。本研究发现，具有不同FE值的鱼在与蛋白质周转相关的基因集上存在表达差异，这一结果支持了蛋白质代谢在FE中起作用的假设。
