Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT-CONICET), Avda. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba X5000JJC, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Introducción a la Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT-CONICET), Avda. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba X5000JJC, Argentina.
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Introducción a la Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT-CONICET), Avda. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba X5000JJC, Argentina.
Acta Trop. 2022 Aug;232:106488. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106488. Epub 2022 May 6.
Triatoma guasayana (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), considered a secondary vector of Chagas disease, invades rural dwellings through flight dispersal during the warm season in semi-arid Chaco of Argentina. The objective of this study was to define and compare morphometrics features in the relative body size and wing shape of T. guasayana related to temperature and rainfall between spring, summer and end of summer. A total of 188 adults were collected in rural communities in the northwest of the province of Córdoba (central Argentina). Relative body size [body length (mm) / wing length (mm)] and 11 landmarks on the right wing were recorded. The temperature ( °C) and precipitation (mm) data were extracted from the MODIS sensor and Terra Climate dataset, respectively. Correlations between climatic variables and morphological variation were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Males at the end of summer were smaller than those at spring or summer (F = 4.48; df = 2; p = 0.01), whereas females were similar in relative body size at all seasons (F = 0.76; df = 2; p = 0.47). The PLS in males showed a correlation between wing shape and temperature (r = 0.48; p = 0.03) and precipitation (r = 0.50; p = 0.02) while in females only the temperature was the correlation significant (r = 0.35; p = 0.03). Triatoma guasayana has elongated and thin wings in spring that become short and wide at the end of summer. The morphotype of early summer could allow sustained long-duration flights, while the morphotype of end of summer would be related to short flights, correlated with the dispersive behavior of the species. The results in this study suggest that wing morphology of T. guasayana has phenotypic plasticity, and that temperature and rainfall could be considered modulator factors during the developmental stage.
瓜纳亚那三锥虫（半翅目，锥蝽科）被认为是恰加斯病的次要传播媒介，在阿根廷半干旱查科的温暖季节，通过飞行扩散入侵农村住宅。本研究的目的是定义和比较与温度和降雨有关的瓜纳亚那三锥虫相对体型大小和翅膀形状的形态特征，分别在春季、夏季和夏末进行。共在科尔多瓦省西北部的农村社区收集了 188 只成虫。记录了相对体型大小[体长（mm）/ 翅长（mm）]和右翅上的 11 个标志点。温度（°C）和降水（mm）数据分别从 MODIS 传感器和 Terra Climate 数据集提取。使用偏最小二乘法（PLS）分析气候变量与形态变化之间的相关性。夏末的雄性比春季或夏季的雄性小（F = 4.48；df = 2；p = 0.01），而雌性在所有季节的相对体型大小相似（F = 0.76；df = 2；p = 0.47）。在雄性中，翼形与温度（r = 0.48；p = 0.03）和降水（r = 0.50；p = 0.02）之间存在相关性，而在雌性中，只有温度与相关性显著（r = 0.35；p = 0.03）。瓜纳亚那三锥虫在春季具有细长而薄的翅膀，而在夏末则变得短而宽。初夏的形态可能允许持续长时间的飞行，而夏末的形态则与物种的扩散行为有关，与短程飞行相关。本研究的结果表明，瓜纳亚那三锥虫的翅膀形态具有表型可塑性，温度和降水可能在发育阶段被视为调节因素。
