Hospital Veterinario San Vicente Vetsum, Calle del Veterinario Manuel Isidro Rodríguez García Nº17, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690, Alicante, Spain.
IDEXX Laboratories, Carrer del Plom 2, 08038, Barcelona, Spain.
Parasit Vectors. 2022 May 10;15(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05205-x.
Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) results from a multifactorial degenerative process that leads to rupture of the ligament. Vector-borne pathogens (VBP) in dogs can induce joint disease but their role in CCLR has not been previously investigated. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the prevalence of VBP in dogs with CCLR.
This was a prospective study that included 46 dogs presented for CCLR surgical treatment and 16 control dogs euthanized for diseases unrelated to the joints. Specimens collected included blood, synovial fluid, and synovial membrane biopsy. Pathogen testing consisted of serology for Leishmania infantum (quantitative ELISA), Ehrlichia canis/ewingii, Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum/platys, and Dirofilaria immitis (4DX IDEXX test), and PCR for L. infantum, Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., piroplasms (Babesia spp. and Theileria spp.), and filariae (D. immitis, Dirofilaria repens, Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides, Acanthocheilonema reconditum, and Cercopithifilaria spp.) on both EDTA-whole blood (EB) and synovial fluid (SF) samples. SF cytology and histopathological evaluation of synovial membrane were also performed.
The prevalence of VBP was 19.6% in the CCLR group and 18.8% in the control group, with no statistical difference among them. The presence of synovitis was not more frequent in CCLR dogs (45.6%) than in control dogs (43.7%). Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration was the most common inflammatory pattern detected in the joints of both groups of dogs.
This study failed to demonstrate a role of canine VBP in CCLR or the presence or different pattern of joint inflammation in pathogen-positive dogs.
前十字韧带断裂（CCLR）是一种多因素退行性疾病，导致韧带断裂。犬的载体传播病原体（VBP）可引起关节疾病，但它们在 CCLR 中的作用尚未得到研究。本研究旨在评估 VBP 在 CCLR 犬中的流行率。
这是一项前瞻性研究，包括 46 只接受 CCLR 手术治疗的犬和 16 只因与关节无关的疾病安乐死的对照犬。收集的标本包括血液、滑液和滑膜活检。病原体检测包括利什曼原虫（定量 ELISA）、犬埃立克体/埃氏埃立克体、博氏疏螺旋体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体/平体和犬心丝虫（4DX IDEXX 试验）的血清学检测，以及 L. infantum、埃立克体/无形体 spp.、巴尔通体 spp.、梨浆虫（巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫 spp.）和丝虫（犬心丝虫、犬心丝虫、旋尾丝虫、阿坎塔氏线虫和 Cercopithifilaria spp.）的 PCR，对 EDTA-全血（EB）和滑液（SF）样本进行检测。还对 SF 细胞学和滑膜组织学进行了评估。
CCLR 组 VBP 的流行率为 19.6%，对照组为 18.8%，两组间无统计学差异。CCLR 犬（45.6%）的滑膜炎发生率并不高于对照组犬（43.7%）。两组犬关节中最常见的炎症模式是淋巴浆细胞浸润。
本研究未能证明犬 VBP 在 CCLR 中的作用，也未能证明病原体阳性犬存在或不同的关节炎症模式。
