Chavan Sanajay, Malwade Sudhir D, Kumari Soni, Garud Balakrushna P, Agarkhedkar Sharad
Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Neonatology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Pune, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Apr 7;14(4):e23939. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23939. eCollection 2022 Apr.
Background Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a self-limiting, benign condition leading to respiratory distress shortly after birth. It is among the leading cause of respiratory distress in term and late preterm neonates. The disease is transient and resolves by three to four days in most neonates. Objective The objective of this study was to study the incidence of TTN, its clinical features, predictors of outcomes and duration of hospital stay in these neonates suffering from it. Methods This was a prospective study done at a tertiary care center carried out between August 2019 to July 2021. The study subjects were late pre-term (34 to 36 weeks of gestation) and term neonates with respiratory distress who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The diagnosis was based on clinical features, radiological features, and clinical course in NICU. Results The total number of cases with TTN was 74. The incidence of TTN was 16 per 1000 live births. 63.5% were male, 75.7% were term births, 70.3% were born via lower section cesarean section (LSCS), and 66.2% were normal birth weight (≥2.5 kg) infants. A high incidence of TTN was found in late pre-term babies, babies born via LSCS, and male sex. None of the neonates required ventilatory support, either noninvasive or invasive. Conclusion Delivery by LSCS and male sex were risk factors for the development of TTN. The distress in TTN is usually mild to moderate, and in most cases, oxygen supplementation suffices. Higher Downes' score at presentation, low birth weight, preterm, and delivery by LSCS were found to be predictors for a longer duration of distress and thus the longer duration of NICU stay. Although severe complications for TTN have been reported in the literature, they are rare. Careful observation can decrease not only a lot of unnecessary investigations but also allow clinicians at secondary and primary centers to better care for neonates with TTN.
新生儿短暂性呼吸急促（TTN）是一种自限性良性疾病，在出生后不久会导致呼吸窘迫。它是足月儿和晚期早产儿呼吸窘迫的主要原因之一。该疾病具有短暂性，大多数新生儿在三到四天内即可缓解。目的：本研究的目的是研究TTN的发病率、临床特征、预后预测因素以及这些患病新生儿的住院时间。方法：这是一项在三级医疗中心进行的前瞻性研究，研究时间为2019年8月至2021年7月。研究对象为入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的患有呼吸窘迫的晚期早产儿（妊娠34至36周）和足月儿。诊断基于临床特征、放射学特征以及在NICU的临床病程。结果：TTN病例总数为74例。TTN的发病率为每1000例活产中有16例。63.5%为男性，75.7%为足月儿出生，70.3%通过下段剖宫产（LSCS）出生，66.2%为正常出生体重（≥2.5kg）婴儿。在晚期早产儿、通过LSCS出生的婴儿以及男性中发现TTN的发病率较高。没有新生儿需要无创或有创通气支持。结论：通过LSCS分娩和男性是发生TTN的危险因素。TTN的窘迫通常为轻度至中度，在大多数情况下，补充氧气就足够了。发现就诊时较高的唐斯评分、低出生体重、早产以及通过LSCS分娩是窘迫持续时间较长的预测因素，因此也是NICU住院时间较长的预测因素。尽管文献中报道了TTN的严重并发症，但很罕见。仔细观察不仅可以减少许多不必要的检查，还能让二级和一级中心的临床医生更好地照顾患有TTN的新生儿。
