NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2023 Dec;51(8):1097-1107. doi: 10.1177/14034948221096005. Epub 2022 May 10.
This article is a scoping review of efforts in labour market inclusion of the chronically ill in the Scandinavian countries, a research area that has received much political as well as research attention in recent years. The aim of the review was to identify promising strategies and the need for further research.
Six electronic databases were searched for literature published between 2015 and 2020. We included peer-reviewed articles that studied the effect of measures, aimed at the workplace or at the individual, that are intended to increase participation. Our search resulted in 2718 articles; our screening procedures resulted in 47 included articles.
Among the included studies, musculoskeletal problems (17 articles) and mental health problems (29 articles) were the most frequent chronic conditions. Multimodal occupational rehabilitation programmes directed towards the individual employee were the most frequent interventions (30 articles). Return to work (24 articles) and sickness absence (12 articles) were the most common outcomes. About half (25 articles) of the included studies reported a positive impact of the intervention on work inclusion of the chronically ill.
Our review found little evidence of how government programmes directed towards the supply side of the labour market succeed in including the chronically ill. Our review further indicated that multidisciplinary workplace interventions have a substantial effect. We also identified a significant lack of research on the effect of various governmental policies and programmes, including local health, work and welfare services, and limited coordination and cooperation between health and work services professions.
本文是对斯堪的纳维亚国家慢性病患者劳动力市场融合工作的范围综述，这是近年来受到广泛关注的一个研究领域。本综述旨在确定有前途的策略和进一步研究的需求。
检索了 2015 年至 2020 年期间发表的文献，使用了六个电子数据库。我们纳入了研究旨在增加参与度的针对工作场所或个人的措施效果的同行评议文章。我们的搜索结果有 2718 篇文章，筛选程序得到了 47 篇纳入的文章。
在纳入的研究中，肌肉骨骼问题（17 篇）和心理健康问题（29 篇）是最常见的慢性病。针对个体员工的多模式职业康复计划是最常见的干预措施（30 篇）。回归工作（24 篇）和病假（12 篇）是最常见的结果。纳入的研究中有一半（25 篇）报告了干预措施对慢性病患者劳动力市场融合的积极影响。
我们的综述发现，关于政府针对劳动力市场供应方的计划如何成功地将慢性病患者纳入劳动力市场的证据很少。我们的综述进一步表明，多学科的工作场所干预措施具有实质性影响。我们还发现，关于各种政府政策和计划的效果的研究非常有限，包括当地的健康、工作和福利服务，以及卫生和工作服务专业之间的协调与合作有限。
